Ukutywala kotywala kwezingane ngexesha lethu, ngelishwa, sele yinto engavamile, oogqirha abaxoxa ngazo. Thetha malunga nokutywala kotywala kunokunokwenzeka ukuba iimpawu zobunxila zibonakaliswe ngaphambi kokuba umntwana afinyelele kumntu omdala. Ukunxila kwabantwana kubhekisela kwiingxaki ezinzima kakhulu.
Ngeengcali zokuqala zathetha ngale ngxaki eRashiya kuma-1990. Ukususela ngoko, le ngxaki yezenhlalakahle iyaqhubeka: ngokubhekiselele kwingcaciso, inani labantwana abaselula kunye nabantwana abadla ngokusela utywala sele liphindwe kathathu kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo. Ku-narcologists, ukubonelela ngoncedo oluyimfuneko kubantwana be-12, 14 kunye ne-15 kwiminyaka yokuxilongwa kweengxaki zokunxila kwabantwana. Abanye abatsha ekunxilweni kotywala kunokukhokelela ukusetyenziswa kwebhiya rhoqo. Ukulwa nokulwa nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, "inyoka eluhlaza" yahamba yaya eyokugqibela yindiza kwaye yayikhohliwe. Kwaye ngenxa yexhoba layo ngamantombazana namakhwenkwe.
Abo bantu abathengisa iziyobisi banokuthokoza, njengoko kuvela, ukuthengiswa kweefotjhi kunye neebhiya zikhule kakhulu kwaye ziqhubeka zikhula, kwaye umthengi oyintloko ulutsha, oluphakathi kweminyaka eyi-10-14. Uneminyaka enjalo xa umntwana enomnqweno wokubonakala ekhulile ngakumbi. Kodwa into eyona yinto enyanyekayo kukuba ininzi intsha ayisayi "ukupholisa" ukusela, ngoko bayacoca i-glue okanye bayabhema "udope" ngokugcwele "buzz". Yintoni enokuyenza nabantwana-izidakamizwa ezweni lethu alisigqibo. Ukuba abantu abadala bahlawuliswa, bafaka isikhungo esichukumisayo, ngoko kufuneka iprogram ekhethekileyo kubantwana. Oogqirha babesele babhala amacala e-white fever kubaselula. Inani lezenzo zolutsha ezenzayo ngexesha utywala zihlala zikhula.
Izizathu ezifaka isandla ekuphuhliseni ukuxhomekeka kotywala kubantu abatsha ngokwenene kuninzi:
- Ukuzalwa nokufumana umntwana kwintsapho yezidakwa (amaninzi).
- Ixesha lobunjwa bomntwana njengomntu. Ukusela utywala kotywala ngeli xesha kuyingxenye yokujongana neengxaki ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye nokuqinisekiswa kokuzimela esikolweni nasentsapho.
- Kungekudala, imbangela yophuhliso lokuxhomekeka kotywala phakathi kwabantu abatsha yiTV nakumajelo. Izicatshulwa zokuthengisa ezikhuthaza ubhiya, zanceda ukuphakamisa izithintelo ekuphuzeni abaselula abatywalayo, okukhokelela ekugqithiseni ngokukhawuleza nasekuphuhliseni ukuxhomekeka kwebhiya.
Ubunxila bezingane, ngokungafani nomntu omdala, unamacandelo athile:
- Ngenxa yesakhiwo se-anatomiki kunye nomzimba womzimba womntwana, ngokukhawuleza bazijwayele iziyobisi.
- Inkqubo engathandekiyo yesifo. Umzimba womntwana usekwinqanaba lokubunjwa, ngoko ke ukuzinza kwe-psyche central ukuchaphazela utywala kuyancipha, ngenxa yoko kukho iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zokutshatyalaliswa ezingenakubuyiselwa emuva.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweziphuzo ezinxilisayo kumanani amakhulu. Oku kwenzeka kuba abantu abadala abavumelani nokusetyenziswa kotywala ngabantwana, ngoko banxila ngobunxila kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo badla yonke i-dose ngokukhawuleza kwaye bengenakudla.
- Ukunyanga okunyanga.
- Ukukhawuleza ukudakwa ngokudakwa. Kule meko, ukusela utywala nangona naziphi na izizathu zabaselula kuba yinto eqhelekileyo, ngaphezu koko, kwimeko yokuxilisa kakhulu, kuba kwimeko yokuxhatshazwa ngokulula, abantu abaselula banomuzwa onokuphepha.
Ukunyanga utywala lwabantwana, ngelanga, kunzima kunzima. Kunzima ngenxa yokuba ubuntwana bomntwana abukwakhiwa kunye nezizathu ezibalulekileyo eziza kunceda unyango, umntwana akanalo. Ukunyanga kwabantwana abanxilisayo kuqhutyelwa esibhedlele esikhethekileyo (abantwana abaxhatshazwa ngokwexwala baphathwa ngokwahlukileyo nabadakwala). Ukufezekisa iziphumo ezifunwayo, imvume yabazali bobabini iyadingeka, ukuba kungekho babazali, ngoko imvume yabalindi. Abasebenzi begumbi labantwana bamagunya okuthotyelwa komthetho babandakanyeka rhoqo.
Ingxaki enjengokusetyenziswa kotywala kwezingane kufuneka ikulwe ngoku ngoku, kuba utywala obuncinane obungenako ukunyanzelisa ikusasa. Kwaye kungcono ukunikezela ukunyangwa kotywala kotshwala kwabantwana kwaye ke kunokwenzeka ukuhlangabezana nale ngxaki.