Nangona umntwana eselula kakhulu, akanakusebenza kunye neepensile okanye ipeniti yokuphupha. Ngoko ke, ukuba uqale uqhelane nehlabathi lobugcisa, kungcono ukusebenzisa amapayipi. Umnwe uyisisimbo sokuqala nesona esilungele ukudala. Kunzima ukutshela uhlobo oluthile lokunandipha yintsana eneminyaka elilodwa ubudala evakalelwa ngeminwe yakhe kwimigca yepende kunye nokubukela ngentshiseko indlela ukukhawuleza ukukhahlela ngayo iphepha, ukubetha kwiindawo ezinemibala enesundu, ukubetha ipeyinti kwiphepha. Yaye akusiyo nje izifundo zokuqala zokufundisa abantwana abancinci. Imidlalo enemibala inegalelo ekuphuhliseni umbala wokuqonda, inzululwazi kunye nezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi, kunceda ukwenza umsebenzi odibeneyo wesandla kunye neso ...
Ngokukhawuleza inkwenkwe iya kuqonda ukuba iindawo eziqaqambileyo kunye nama-squiggles asele ephepheni yiziqhamo zomsebenzi wakhe, kwaye uya kuzama ukwenza ngenjongo, kwaye oku kukuqala kokwakha. Ukudlala kumbala kunye negalelo ekuphuculeni phambili kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi, unyaka wonke kuyafuneka ukuba ufundise inkunzi yenkomo ukuyisebenzisa xa ungabonakali nje ngeminwe kuphela, kodwa kunye ne-brush. Zama ukukhetha ibrashi enkulu njengothambileyo kunokwenzeka. Emva koko unqumle ipeni yakhe, mvumele umntwana akhululeke ngokubamba. Yaye isicatshulwa sihlanganiswa ne-rape pacifier, ngaphandle kokungeniswa kwesiphelo. Kukulungele ukubeka ibrashi ehlukileyo kwijelo ngalinye ngepende. Ngoko imibala ayihlambulukanga. Ekuqaleni, ungamniki imibala emininzi kwangoko. Xa udibanisa ibrashi yokupenda kwipende - ungakulibala ukuyibiza: "le ngubo obomvu". Phinda ubhale oku ezimbalwa izihlandlo: "Nantsi indlela enhle ngayo i-Vanya ecwecwe ngepeyinti ebomvu," njalo njalo. Emva kancinci, cela umdlali omncinane ukhetho: "Ufuna ukuthatha umbala: obomvu okanye obomvu?" Umntwana unokunikezelwa ibhokisi enye kanye, xa efunda lula Akufanele lilibaleke: abantwana abancinci banokuthenga kuphela iipalisi ezikhuselekileyo ezingekho netyhefu, kuphela eziye zenzelwe ukuveliswa kwabantwana.
Ipensela okanye ipeniti yokuphupha?
Ukusebenza amancinci amancinci, iipencilisi ezinemibala kunye namanqaku kumntwana omncinci kunzima kunzima: ukuze udwebe umgca, kufuneka kwenziwe imizamo eninzi, kwaye ukunyakaza kufuneka kube ngokuchanekileyo nangokuchanekileyo. Ngoko ke, qalisa ukuzinikela kuphela xa umntwana esincinci kunye neepayipi.
Abazali abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ukudweba ngamacandi e-feel-tip ayiluncedo njengamaphepha okanye amapensele. Oku akunjalo. Umgca we-line ocacileyo ucacile kwaye ucacile, kukuvumela ukuba wenze umfanekiso oqaqambileyo, ocacileyo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu. Amancinci athenge amanqaku angenayo isetyhi.
Iipencilisi zombala kunye neekrayoni ze-wax kubantwana abancinci badla ngokuncinci, kuba kunzima ukuyivula. Kodwa ngaba abo bafaka isandla ngokusisigxina ekuphuhlisweni kwezi zihlunu ezincinci kunye nemigama echaphazelekayo kwinkqubo yokudweba nokubhala. Ukunika abantwana ipenseli yombala iqondakala ngokusondeleyo kwiminyaka emibini, xa izakhono ezincinci zezithuthi ziza kusekwa ngokwaneleyo. Thenga iipencilisi ngeqhosha eliqhakazileyo, elithambileyo. Ku luncedo kakhulu ukufundisa umntwana ukuba atye ngeepencilisi ezikhethekileyo ze-triangular: oku kwenza kube lula ukwenza isimo esifanelekileyo sesandla, esiza kuba sibaluleke kakhulu kwixesha elizayo, xa sifundisa ileta. Ngokuba iikhrayoni ezibaluleke kakhulu kukugqatso kwemibala kunye nokuthoba. Zama ukukhetha iikrayoni zekhwalithi, ezenziwe ngesiseko se-wax yemvelo.
Amanqanaba endlela ende.
Umzobo wabantwana ubonakalisa inkqubo enzulu kunye neyinkimbinkimbi yokwazi wena kunye nehlabathi elikujikelezile, ukuba ngumntu wengane. Imigca ye-Chaotic iyajika ibe yintsimbi, iindiza kunye neentonga eziyiminyaka emibini. Umculi omncinci entloko usebenza kanzima: useka uxhulumaniso phakathi kokuhamba kwesandla kunye ne "squiggles" ezikhishwe kwiphepha. Iingcamango ziba nobuchule: i-crumb iqala ukuqaphela imisebenzi yabo. Ikati yagijima, kwaye imoto enkulu.
Akunakude, kunye nokufumanisa okunye: kubonakala ukuba isangqa esicatshukileyo sibonakala njengentloko! Kwaye ukuba uthabatha iimbambo, amehlo, imilenze, ngoko umntu oyinyani uya kuphuma. Yile ndlela "i-cephalopod" ibonakala ngayo, eya kuba yinto ebalulekileyo ebantwini ngokwazi. Kancinci i-crescendo iya kufumana iinwele, iminwe ezandleni, kwaye i-trunk iya kubonakala: kuqala nje intonga, ke ikhukhamba. Emva koko amantombazana aya kwambatha amadoda amancinci, kwaye abafana baya kubapha izixhobo: izibhokhwe, iinkemba kunye neentonga ngeentolo.
Musa ukubuza ngeli nqanaba ukuba kutheni ubaba engenawo umzimba, kwaye umama akanalo iindlebe. Khumbula: intsana ayifuni ukubonakalisa ukunyaniseka. Usebenza ukudala ihlabathi lakhe, eliza kuba likhulu ngokubanzi kwaye lincomeke. Ukufutshane ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu ubudala umntwana uziva ngathi unobumba wenene. Emva koko, kuphela ngumtsalane wesandla sakhe i-albhamu ekhangayo ijika ibe lizwe elimangalisayo, lixubusha yonke imibala yobuninzi. Phakathi komhlaba kunye nesibhakabhaka - ukukhanya komoya, ezizaliswe ngeendidi eziphilayo: iintaka, abantu, amakati kunye neenja ezihoxayo.
Kwimbono yomntwana omncinci, umfanekiso awukho "imephu" ephathekayo njengesifundo, into ebaluleke kakhulu nangakumbi. Yingakho umntwana ephakathi komdwebo ebaleni ngaphambili into eyona nto ebaluleke kuye (ithoyizi yakhe eyintandokazi, into eyoyikayo okanye yona). Ngokuqhelekileyo, yintoni efanelekileyo yokuqwalaselwa okhethekileyo, ekhankanywe kakhulu, iphuma kwimbala eqaqambileyo. Ngoko ungangothukiyo xa inkwenkwe yakho umntwana ephupha ngayo iya kuba mude kunomama kwaye obomvu obomvu.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukufundisa ukudweba?
Ukuhlaselwa kwehlabathi elikhohlisayo, eliyinkimbinkimbi yokudweba abantwana kunye neendlela zethu "zabantu abadala" akuyona nje imfuneko, kodwa inobungozi. Ngoko sisengozini yokuphula inkqubo enobungane kunye nobuchule bokubumba. Ndiyidonsa umntwana akudingi utitshala. Ufuna umfundi onokunika iphepha elitsha iphepha, utshintshe amanzi, ipensela, uphulaphule ibali elithakazelisayo, uzalisekisa umfanekiso.
Ukuba umncinane ubuza indlela yokudweba into ethile, ungabonisi amacebo okwenziwe, kodwa ucebise ukuba ucingisise oko kuqulethwe kuyo, ukumjonga. Ngenxa yoko, isicatshulwa, esiya kuyenza, sinamakhulu amaxesha angaphezulu kweyona ntlanzi, i-template efile.
Ungalokothi ufune ukuba umntwana athathe ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yokuqulunqwa kwemfundo: wahlonipha imithetho yokwakheka, imbono, ukuhlanganiswa kombala.
Uya kumangaliswa, kodwa iphepha lemibala linobungozi! Abantwana bafunda ubuchule obulungele ukulungelelanisa kwaye bazame ukuvelisa kwimisebenzi yabo, ukuzisebenzisa ukubala imibala eyenziwe ngokufanelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, imidwebo ilahlekelwa ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuzimela. Iincwadi zokubala ziya kuba luncedo kumntwana wakho, kodwa kamva kamva: ukulungiselela isikolo.
Yintoni ozoyivula?
Xa umntwana efunda upende, kukulungele ukumbeka kwisihlalo esiphezulu kwaye unikezele ukudweba ngqo kwitafile yeplastiki. Oomama abaninzi bacebisa ukuba balungise imidlalo kunye namapayipi kwindawo yokuhlambela. I-tile, ibhafu kunye nomculi ngokwakhe unokuhlamba ngokukhawuleza.
Iipeniti ezithandekayo kunye neekrayoni zikulungele ukudweba amanqaku amaninzi ephepha elisezantsi. Ekulungele kakhulu ukusebenzisa iphepha elincinci. Emva kweminyaka emibini, ukusuka kwimida engapheliyo kuma-A3 amaphepha, ukuze umntwana abe nombono wokwakhiwa. Ku luncedo ukunikela iphepha ngezikhathi kwiimpawu ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye nemifanekiso, kodwa baninzi abantwana bathanda iphepha elimhlophe njengezinto eziphambili. Kwinqanaba elithile, bonke abantwana bayayifaka iphepha lodonga. Akukho nto yokulwa nayo. Kungcono ixesha le "peyinti yecwecwe" ukuya eludongeni iindonga kwiimakhishithi zabantwana ze-Whatman.