Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhulelwa kwezilwanyana: i-intrauterine i-Mirena, iikhondom, iipilisi, njl., Ngoku sizimisele ukukuxelela ngokusungulwa kwe "Mirena" emzimbeni. I-intrauterine contraceptive "iMirena" ifanelekile ukuyisebenzisa kunye nexesha elide, kwaye le ndlela yokukhulelwa kwayo iyabuyiselwa. Isixhobo se-intrauterine yindlela ekhethekileyo yokukhusela ngokuqinisekileyo umfazi ekukhulelwe iminyaka emihlanu. Isetyenziswe kwakhona kwiimeko zokugqithisa ngokweqile kokuya esikhathini nangethuba lokuguqulwa kwe-estrogen kunye nokukhusela i-endometrium kwi-hyperplasia.
Iinjongo ze-intrauterine ifowuni:
- Oku kuthetha ukukhulelwa komzimba kuhlaziywa kwaye kusebenza kakuhle;
- Kulungile kwisicelo: "beka ubale";
- Kukho nantoni na i-systemic hormonal effect kumzimba;
- Ikhokelela ekunciphiseni ngexesha kunye nomthamo wokulahleka kwegazi lokuya esikhathini;
- Izihlandlo zezifo ezivuthayo zamalungu enxalenye ye-pelvic ziyancipha.
Iipropati kunye nesenzo se-contraceptive "iMirena".
I-Mirena yindlela yokukhusela i-intrauterine inkqubo, intonga yayo ibonakala njenge-cylinder elastiki eyenziwe ngeplastiki kwaye iqukethe i-lemonongestrel ye-hormone. Ukuze i-system ibe bhetele ifane nesimo sesisu, yenziwe ngendlela e-T. Ukukhishwa ngokufanelekileyo kwenkqubo evela emzimbeni, ekupheleni kwezantsi kwinqanaba elona liyi-loop, apho kufakwe khona imida emibini. I-hormone ye-levonorgestrel equlethwe kwi-intrauterine i-Mirena iyona gestagene efundwayo kakhulu (progesterone yemvelo), kwaye isebenziswa ngempumelelo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhulelwa.
"I-Mirena", efanelekileyo ekukhuseleni ukukhulelwa, ilawula ukuphuhliswa kwenyanga yecobolongo lwangaphakathi lombele, kwaye ikhusela ukunyuka kwesidoda kwisisu. Xa i-levonorgestrel ingena kwisigxina se-uterine, sinomphumo wendawo kwi-endometrium, ngaloo ndlela iyakuthintela utshintsho oluninzi kunye nokunciphisa umsebenzi wayo wokumisela. Ngaloo ndlela, i-endometrium ayikwazi ukufikelela ukukhula okuyimfuneko, ngenxa yoko, ukukhulelwa akukwenzeka. I-Levonorgestrel ikhuthaza ukwanda kwe-viscosity ye-mucus yomsele womlomo wesibeleko, ngaloo ndlela ukukhusela isisu ukusuka kwindoda yokungena kwaye ngaloo ndlela kukhupha ukuchumisa i-ovum. Kuyakuthi kuqatshelwe ukuba i-levonorgestrel inefuthe elincinci lemiqobo, elibonakalisa ekunciphiseni i-ovulation kwinani elingenamkhawulo lemijikelezo.
Ukusebenza kwe-contraceptive "Mirena" kunokuthelekiswa nokutyalwa komfazi. Okwangoku, i-"Mirena" ekusebenzeni kwayo ayibi kakhulu kunokuba i-spirrauterine eneengqungquthela ezinobuncwane ezinobuncwane kunye nokukhulelwa komlomo.
Iimpawu zokusetyenziswa kwe-intrauterine zihamba ngeMirena zi:
- ukuphuma kwexesha lokuya esikhathini (menorrhagia);
- ukukhuselwa kwi-hyperplasia ngexesha lokutshintshwa kweyeza kunye ne-estrogens.
- Ukuthintela ukukhulelwa (ukukhulelwa);
Ukungqinelana nokusetyenziswa kwe "Mirena" kukuba:
- ukukhulelwa okanye ukukhulelwa okusemthethweni;
- umhlaza wesibeleko okanye isisu (ukusola);
- ukungaqhelekanga kwesibeleko okanye umlomo wesibeleko, kubandakanywa nezo zinto ezibangelwa yi-fibroids ezikhokelela ekuguqweni kwesigxina se-uterine;
- i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko kunye ne-atypia;
- ukuphuma kwintsholongwane engummangaliso;
- usulelo lwesisu emva kokukhipha isisu kwiinyanga ezi-3 zokugqibela;
- ukusuleleka kwiphecana le-genitourinary;
- izifo ezivuthayo zamalungu aseplavic
- usulelo lwe-cervix;
- usulelo lwentlungu emva kwesisu;
- izifo ezinzima okanye izibilini zesibindi;
- izifo ezihambelana nokunyusa ukwanda kwezifo;
- ukunyanzelwana komntu kumacandelo e-Navy Mirena;
- umdlavuza webele.
Sebenzisa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nokuhlaselwa.
Xa ukhulelwe, ukusetyenziswa kwe-intrauterine ku-Mirena kuyaphikisana. Kodwa ukuba ngokukhawuleza ukhulelwe ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, inkqubo kufuneka isuswe ngoko nangoko. Ngenxa yokuba, kwimeko apho "i-Mirena" ihlala kwisibeleko ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokubeletha kwangaphambi kokuzalwa okanye ukukhulelwa komzimba. Ngethuba lokutya, ukusetyenziswa kweMirena kunokwenzeka - iigestagens, ezisetyenziselwa ukukhulelwa, azichaphazeli umgangatho nobungakanani obisi lwebele.
Imiphumo emibi yeVSM Mirena
Kwiinyanga zokuqala emva kokufakwa kwe-Mirena IUD, ezinye iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo zingabonakala, ezo, ngokusemthethweni, zinyamalale kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kwaye azidingi unyango olongezelelweyo. Esinye seziphumo ezichaphazelekayo ezinokuthi zenzeke yinguqu ekuphumeni kwexesha lokuya esikhathini, okubonisa impendulo yomzimba kwisenzo seMirena. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho izikhala ezingavunyelwanga phakathi kokuphuma, ukuphawula, ukuphaphazeka okukhulu okanye iintlungu ngexesha lokuya esikhathini, ukuphela kokuphela kwesithanga, okanye ukwandisa ixesha lokuya esikhathini. Siyabona kwakhona ukuba i-12% yabasetyhini babekho i-ovarian cysts ngexesha lokusebenzisa i-Mirena.
Xa ukwandisa ubungakanani bobuqhophololo (amaqanda), ngamanye amaxesha uncedo lwonyango lubalulekile. Indlela yokukhulelwa kwezilwanyana kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe "Mirena" kwamanye amabhinqa angabangela ukuba isikhumba sisabele. Ukuba ukukhulelwa okunjalo kwakungasebenzi, ngoko kukho ukuphucula ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic. Isixhobo se-intrauterine "iMirena" sinokuba yingozi kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba xa usebenzisa, kukho ukuvela kwezifo zeenxalenye zeplavic, mhlawumbi ezinzulu. Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa kweNavy Mirena kunokwenza udonga lwentumba.
Ukuqwalasela kubonisa ukuba emva kokusetyenziswa kwemoya, i-1-10% yabasetyhini yabangelwa: ubuhlungu besisu, isisulu sokusambisa isisu, intlungu ye-pelvic okanye intlungu, intloko, inzuzo yesisindo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, intloko, intloko yamathambo, ukukhathazeka, ukungazinzi, ukuxinezeleka , ulwabiwo lwe-leucorrhoea ukusuka kwisini, ukuvuvukala komsele womlomo wesibeleko. Ngaphantsi kwesinye sepesenti yabasetyhini, kwakukho: ukusuleleka kwezilwanyana zesisu, ukulahleka kweenwele okanye ukukhula ngokugqithiseleyo, ukunciphisa isifiso socansi, isikhumba esikhohlakeleyo. Kwaye kwabonwa ngaphantsi kwe-0.1% yabasetyhini: i-migraine, i-urticaria, ukugqithisa kwesikhumba, ukubetha, i-eczema. Iimiphumo ezifanayo ezifanayo zenzeke kwiimeko zokusebenzisa i- "Mirena" ye-hormone yonyango ekutshintshelweni kunye ne-estrogens.