Ukuba sichaza ngokuthe ngqo igama elithi "i-anorexia", sifumana amagama afana nokuthi "ukulahlwa" kunye "nokulamba", oko kukuthi, eli gama lizithetha. Kodwa ukulahleka kwesidlo kungabizwa ngokuthi i-anorexia, okanye ngaba iingcamango ezahlukeneyo?
Ingcamango ye-anorexia kwipilisi isetyenziswa njengesifo esahlukileyo okanye njengempawu zezifo ezithile. I-Anorexia, eqinisweni, isifo apho ukulahleka kwesidlo kwenzeka, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuba ukulahleka kwesidlo kunokubangela ukudakumba, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka, ukuthatha imithi, ukukhulelwa. Njengempawu, isebenza njengenkcazo yezifo ezininzi ze-somatic ezinxulumene nengxaki yesisu esiswini okanye ezinye izifo.
Ukuba uphatha i-anorexia njengesifo, ngoko unokuhlukaniswa kwi-anorexia nervosa kunye nengqondo. I-Anorexia nervosa - izidlo zokutya, ezibonakaliswe ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esithile, esibangelwa ngumnqweno wesigulane, ukulahleka komzimba okanye ukungafuni ukufumana ubunzima obukhulu. Isitatisti, itholakala rhoqo kumantombazana. Nge-anorexia enjalo, kunomnqweno wesifo sokulahleka kwesisindo, ehamba kunye ne-phobia eqinile ngaphambi kokukhuluphala. Isigulane sinombono ophosakeleyo womfanekiso wakhe, kwaye isigulane sibonisa ukukhathazeka okongeziweyo malunga nokufumana ubunzima, nangona ukuba ubunzima bomzimba ngexesha lokugulana nesigulane alunyuli okanye kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo. Ngelishwa, ngeli xesha lolu hlobo lwe-anorexia kunye nokulahlekelwa kwesidlo ngokwaso aluqhelekanga, kwaye ezinye zize zenzeke ngokukhawuleza zibe ziqhelekileyo. Malunga nama-75 ukuya kuma-80% kwezigulane ngamantombazana aneminyaka eyi-14 ukuya kuma-25 ubudala. Izizathu zokulahleka kokutya okunqabileyo zihlulwe ngokweenzululwazi, oko kukuthi, impembelelo yabantu abasondeleyo kunye nezihlobo kwisigulane, iziganeko zofuzo kunye nezizathu zentlalo, oko kukuthi, ukuphakanyiswa komntu othile kwinqanaba lezinto ezifanelekileyo okanye izithixo, indlela yokuxelisa. Le fomu yesifo ibonwa ngokuba yi-anorexia yabesifazane.
Ukufumanisa i-anorexia kulula kwaye yinyani. Impawu zokuqala ze-anorexia ezingabonwa ngokuzimeleyo kwaye ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ugqirha ukungakwazi ukuzuza ubunzima kwiminyaka engaphambili, oko kukuthi, ngexesha lokuphakama komntu, ubunzima abufumaneki. Kwakhona, ukulahleka kobunzima obunjalo kungabangela isigulane ngokwakhe, oko kukuthi, isigulane sizama ukukhipha ukutya okuninzi kunokwenzeka, sichaza ukuba siyagcwalisa ngokugqithiseleyo, nangona ngexesha loviwo ubunzima bunokuba buqhelekileyo okanye bengaqhelekanga. Ngokufanayo, isigulane sizama ukukhipha ukutya, oko kukuthi, kubangelwa ngenyameko ukuhlanza, kuthatha i-laxatives, ukuxhatshazwa kwemisipha, oko kukuthi, ukunyakaza ngokugqithiseleyo, isigulane sinokuthintela ukutya (i-desopimon, mazindol) okanye ukusebenzisa i-diuretics. Ukongezelela, iimpawu zesifo segulane zingabonakala ekubeni unengqondo ephosakeleyo yomzimba wakhe, ingcamango yokutshabalalisa ubunzima ihlala kwindlela yakhe yokuguqula umzimba kwaye isigulane sikholelwa ukuba isisindo esiphantsi kuye siqhelekileyo. Kwakhona, esinye sezibonakaliso ezingathandekiyo zokuxilongwa yi-atrophy yezitho zangasese kubasetyhini kunye nokungabikho kokhenketho lwezesondo. Kukho ezininzi iimpawu zengqondo, ezifana nokuphika ingxaki, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukuphazamiseka kokutya kunye nokutya, kunye njalo. Xa unyango lwesi sifo, usapho lwe-psychotherapy, ukuphucula imeko jikelele yesigulane, ukuziphatha kunye nokunxibelelana kubaluleke kakhulu. Izindlela ze-Pharmacological zikwimeko nje kuphela ukongeza kwonyango olwangaphambili, oko kukuthi, izidakamizwa ezikhuthaza ukondla nokunye okunjalo.
Ngokuphathelele u-anorexia yengqondo, oku kungachazwa ngokucacileyo ukulahleka kwesidlo kunye nokutya, okubonakala ngokunciphisa ubunzima bomzimba obangelwa ngumnqweno wesigulane, ukukhuthazela ngokubonakala kobuso bexinzelelo kunye nesimo se-cataton, eshukunyiswa yizonyulu. Esi sifo sinokubanjelwa kwinani lepanoia. Unyango lwe-anorexia kufuneka lujoliswe ekubuyiseleni isidlo esizimeleyo, ukwenza umboniso oqhelekileyo wesimo ngokwawo, ukubuyisela isisindo esifanelekileyo sesigulane kwaye, ngokwenene, ukuxhasa nokuziphatha kwengane yezihlobo.
Kule nqaku sibona ukuba i-anorexia njengesifo kwaye njengempawu yezifo ezininzi ze-somatic esinokuzibiza ngenxa yokunciphisa isondlo, kodwa ukubiza i-anorexia ukuphela kokulamba akunakwenzeka. Iziganeko zengqondo kuphela emzimbeni zibangele i-anorexia, kodwa ingxaki yengqondo kunye neengxaki. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwintsapho, ukuxinezeleka, kungekhona iimeko eziqhubekayo zengqondo-zengqondo azikho nto ezibangelwa yi-anorexia, leyo leyo ibangela ukuba lube luhlobo olunzima kakhulu lwesifo. Ukuze sigweme oku, okokuqala, sidinga ubudlelwane obuhle kwintsapho, abantu abanentsingiselo kunye nabasondelene nabo. Sidinga ukutya okulungileyo nokuqhelekileyo, ukunamathela ngqo ekudleni, ungadli ngokutya kwaye ungangonakalisi ukutya. Ngelishwa, i-anorexia ayithethi ukuba abazali abazange bakhulise kakuhle umntwana wabo. Ubuntu, inkcubeko kunye nentlalo yoluntu kwiininzi zenkxaso ekuphuhliseni i-anorexia.