Intlanganiso yokuqala kunye nosana olusandula kuzalwa alukwazi ukukholisa kuphela, kodwa banokumangalisa abazali abatsha. Emva koko, akabuki njengowomntwana otyinki ovela kwintengiso. Ngaba kukho into engalunganga kuye?
Ukujonge kwi-crumb eyayizalwe nje iiyure ezimbalwa ezedlule, uMama noTata bafuna ukufana -uhlobo luni lwalamane olwenzayo? Ukuba njengomnye wabazali (okanye zombini kanye), umntwana wakho ngexesha elinye lifana neentsana ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa.
Impawu zobonakala
Usana lusebenza kanzima ngexesha lokuzalwa! Ngamanye amaxesha intloko yakhe isicatshulwa kwaye iphosakele, kuba xa sidlula kwinqanawa yokuzalwa, umntwana ufumana uxinzelelo olunzima. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa izinto ziya kuphucula. Kwiiprotheni zeso, umntu unokubona ngokubanzi imilambo yegazi - ezi ziphumo zokubeletha. Ulusu lweemvumba zakho ngeveki yokuqala emva kokuzalwa lunokuthi lube ne-yellow tinge. Oku kungenxa yokuphazamiseka kwigazi lomntwana we-hemoglobin (uhlobo lwe-fetal hemoglobin) kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-bilirubin. I-Hemoglobin yinto efumaneka kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi (erythrocytes). Ngokuncedwa kwakhe iimolekyuli ze-oksijeni ziyafana. Emva kokuba umntwana azalwe ekukhanyeni, indlela yokufumanisa i-oxygen: ngoku ayiveli kwigazi lomama, kodwa ekuphefumuleni. Amasha amangqombela egazi obomvu egazini, i-fetm hemoglobin ihlahla kunye nokubunjwa kwe-bilirubin, ekhokelela ekunyuseni kwinqanaba le protein kwigazi. Ubungqina bakhe obukhokelela ekubonakaleni kwe-jaundice yezilwanyana kwiintsana.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-bilirubin iqhutywe yi-enzyme yesibindi, ikhutshwe emzimbeni, kwaye i-jaundice yesikhumba idlula ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuququzelelwe ukusetyenziswa kwangaphambili kwintsana. Enyanisweni, kukho abantwana abanokulibazisa i-jaundice - oku kuyisimboli sokuqala iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ngenxa yokusuleleka kwe-intrauterine okanye ezinye izifo.
Umntwana, osesiswini somama, uhlanganiswe ngogesi oqhelekileyo, ohlamba emva kokubeletha. Ulusu lomntwana olusandul 'usana luyomisa kwaye luqala ukucima. Awudingi ukwesaba, ngokuqhelekileyo.
Emzimbeni omncinci, unokwazi ukujonga amabala obomvu ngeempawu ezininzi zobomvu obomvu. Musa ukukhathazeka: i-eryithema yintsana iyalala ngokupheleleyo ekupheleni kweveki yokuqala yobomi bentsana. Akufanele uphazamiseke ngokubonakala kweendlwana - iincinci ezincinci ezimhlophe ebusweni bendawo. Ezi ziko zihambelana ngqo ne-hormonal reorganization eyenzeka emzimbeni wengane. Ukunyanga, kwaye nangaphezulu ukuzama ukususa ama-milies akufanelekanga, baya kutshabalala ngokwabo, ngaphandle kokungenelela kwangenelelo. Kwiintsana, i-thermoregulatory function isingaphelelekanga, iyagqithisa kwaye iphoqele ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukususela kwiintsuku zokuqala akukufanelekanga ukutya iimvuthu, kodwa kungcono ukuyicutha ukususela ekuqaleni.
Uqikelelo lokuqala
Amanqaku kwinqanaba leHangar, ukuphakama nobukhulu beemvumba ziimpawu eziphambili ezimele zixelelwe kumama emva kokuzalwa. Imeko yabanogqirha abasanda kuzalwa bavavanywa kwinqanaba le-Apgar. Idata efunyenweyo ivumela ukuba igwebe imeko yentsana kwiminithi yokuqala emva kokuzalwa. Imilinganiselo nganye yeendlela ezintlanu - intliziyo yenomzuzu ngomzuzu, ithoni ye-muscle, umlingiswa wokuphefumula kweemvuthu, ukunyuka kwe-reflex, umbala wesikhumba - kuhlolwa kwiinkqubo ezimbini emva kokuzalwa kwaye emva kwemizuzu emi-5. Musa ukukhathazeka ukuba i-crumb ayizange ibhale amanqaku aphezulu kwinqanaba le-Apgar. Uninzi lwabantwana "amanqaku" kumaqondo angama-7 okanye ngaphezulu, okubhekwa njengesiphumo esihle, kodwa amanqaku ama-3 kunye nezantsi abizwa ngokuba yimpumelelo. "Le nyana idinga ukunakekelwa ngongxamiseko kwiinkathalo ezinzulu.
Akukho ngqalelo?
Umgangatho ophezulu we-estrogen (amahomoni amabhinqa), atholakala kumama, ubangela ukubonakala kweengxaki zesondo kwiintsana. Izithobezi ezincinci zinyuka, iintombazana zinokukhulelwa kwamanzi.
Inkxwaleko yezesondo yeemvuthu kaninzi ayihlali ngaphezu kweveki, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe imiqondiso yayo iya kubonakala ngokuthe ngqo. Ungesabi xa uqaphela ukuba amehlo akho umntwana aphelelwe ngqalelo. Isana esisandul 'ukuzalwa asikaze sakha ngokupheleleyo iimpawu ze-oculomotor kunye ne-optic nererve. Ingane inokukwazi ukwahlula ukukhanya okuvela ebumnyameni, kodwa ayinakwenzeka ukuqonda iziqendu. Emva kwexesha uya kuvula amehlo akhe ngokubanzi, uya kufunda ukugxilisa amehlo akhe kuqala kwizinto ezinkulu, kwaye emva koko kumancinci. Iintsana ezininzi ezisandul 'i-eyed blue-eyed, kuphela ezimbalwa zinamabala omdaka okanye aluhlaza ukususela ekuzalweni. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, amehlo angakhanya okanye aguqule umbala.
Ngaba zonke iinkqubo zilungile?
Ezinye iinkqubo zeesitho zintsana azizalanga kakuhle, kodwa inkqubo yokugaya iveliswe kakuhle. I-reflex suckling kwiimvumba enye yeyokuqala, eyakhiwe ngokuzalwa. Ingqungquthela ibambelela ingcambu yesifuba okanye ingxowa yebhotile kwaye ilandele isandi esicacisayo. Ukuphuhlisa i-reflex yokucinga: i-crumb ivula umlomo wayo iphendulele ikhanda ekufuneni umthombo wokutya, ukuba uyichukumisa kwikona yomlomo wakhe. Isisu somntwana okokuqala sandisa imihla ngemihla, kwaye sidinga ubisi obuninzi nangaphezulu. Ukuba kwintsuku zokuqala umntwana usweleka ubuncinane (oko kuthiwa "ukulahleka komzimba"), ngoko ngokutya okulungelelanisiweyo, uya kukwenza ngokukhawuleza ukulahlekelwa kwaye akhulise ubunzima. Isihlalo sabo bonke abantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa sivame ukutshatyalaliswa, kuluhlaza okomnyama, ngokutshintsha kwangoko ukuguqulwa kwayo kunye nombala - isitopu sinokuba ngamaxesha amaninzi ngemini, nangemva kokusondla nganye. Ukuba umntwana usondliwa ngesidlo sokufakelwa, isitulo sidla ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye kuxhomekeke ishedyuli uthotho feedings.
Emva kokuzalwa, iinjongo zisebenza ngakumbi kumntwana. Kwiintsuku zokuqala zobomi umntwana usasaza ngamaxesha ambalwa ngemini, kodwa ngokukhawuleza umlinganiselo wokuqubha kwiimvuthu kufinyelela kumaxesha amahlanu ngosuku.
Inkqubo yesifo ihamba, njengoko umntwana ekhula, mhlawumbi utshintsho olunamandla. Umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa usandise ithowuni ye-muscle - ukukhangela kwayo kufakwe emanqeni, kwaye imilenze ifakwe. Usana lunokuthuthumela, lubambe ukunyanzelisa kunye nokungahambi ngokungahambi kakuhle ngezandla zakhe, kwaye iinki zakhe zivame ukugubha xa zikhala. Esi sisiphumo sokungabonakali kwenkqubo ye-nervous, ekugqibeleni yonke into iya kubuya ejwayelekile.
Ukuxubusha kwelo lusana
Umntwana osandul 'uzalwayo ubonakaliswe yinkqutyana yeengcamango zokuziphendulela ezingenakuzibandakanya ezidlulayo kwiinyanga ezi-4-5.
Zama ukubeka izithupha zakho ezandleni zomntwana. Uya kubambelela ngokucacileyo ukuze akwazi ukuphakanyiswa ngaphezu kwetafile.
Kwimpembelelo ebonakalayo etafileni intsana iyasabela kumaqela, emva kokuba ezo zandla ziguqule kwibele. Ngokwezinye iingcali, le ngcamango, kunye nokubamba, kwafika kubantu abavela kwiokhokho ezikude. Wayeyifuna ukuze umntwana angathatha unina xa kwenzeka ingozi. Inkxaso yeReflex kunye nokuhamba ngokuzenzekelayo. Ukuba umntwana ubanjwe ngaphantsi kweengalo, uya kuguqa imilenze emadolweni nasezihlangwini. Ukuthintela inkxaso, izihlunu ziphumle, kwaye i-crumb iza kufikelela ngokupheleleyo. Xa uqhubeka phambili, umntwana uya kuthatha "amanyathelo" ambalwa.
Reflex ukukhahlela
Beka isisu sakho esiswini kwaye uthinte izithende zakhe. Usana luya kuqhuma kwaye luqhube phambili.Isikhumbuliso sokukhusela. Esikhundleni esiswini, umntwana usoloko ephendulela intloko yakhe ecaleni, aze azame ukuyiphakamisa. Ukuze ugcine intloko yabantwana ifunda ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala yobomi. Hlola iingcamango ezifana nokuzivocavoca ukubandakanya kwi-gym yakho.
Ncedisa i-crumb!
Abantwana bazalwa ezahlukeneyo - ezinkulu kunye nabancinci, benentloko yeenwele kunye ne-bald, ngokukhawuleza okanye, ngokukodwa, ngokukhawuleza. Ubunono obubaluleke kakhulu buntwanyana kukukwazi ukubika ezinye iingxaki. Uyakhala xa elambile, ukuba ufuna ukutshintsha i-diaper okanye into ethile iyimvimbela. Kuphela ngale ndlela unokubiza uncedo xa kukho ingxaki. Zama ukuqonda oko kukukhathazayo. Yigqoke ezandleni zakho, thetha, uhlabelele iingoma kwaye ufunde ibali lezingane. Kungekudala uza kubona ukuba umntwana wakho ukhula, unemikhono yakhe, ukhetho kunye neziqhotyoshelweyo, uya kukwazi ngakumbi kwaye uyamqonda, kwaye umntwana uya kutshintsha ngokufanelekileyo phambi kokuba amehlo akho akumangalise yonke imihla.