Amahomoni ayimfuneko yabasetyhini

Iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo ze-metabolism ubuchopho bomntu abulawuli nje kuphela ngoncedo lweentsholongwane. Ukwenza oku, usebenzisa izinto ezihlukahlukeneyo kwizinto eziphilayo kunye nomsebenzi, obizwa ngokuba ngama-hormone. Uninzi lwama-hormone luvelisa izithobe ze-endocrine. IiHormones zikhutshelwe kwigazi kwaye zifake kwizitho ezahlukahlukeneyo ngoku.

Iingqungquthela ezivelisa i-hormone zibizwa ngokuba zizigulane zangasese zangaphakathi, kuba iimveliso zomsebenzi wazo zifaka kwigazi okanye i-lymph. Iingqungquthela zangasese zangaphakathi zibandakanya: indlu yangasese yangasese, i-epiphysis, i-thyroid gland, iimbini ezibini zengqondo, i-thymus gland, i-pancreas, i-adrenals kunye neengcingo zesini.

Uninzi lweengqungquthela ezivelisa i-hormone zincinci kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, umzimba we-pituitary ulinganisa i-0.6 kg, kunye nazo zonke izigulane ezingabonakaliyo kunye - kuphela i-0.15 kg.
Zivelisa inani elincinci lamahomoni. Umzekelo, i-thyroid gland ebomini bonke bomntu okhishwa kwigazi kuphela 20 g ye-thyroxine hormone. Nangona kunjalo, loo mali encinci yanele ngokwaneleyo ukuba ifake iimpendulo eziyimfuneko kwizitho ezide kude neengqungquthela ze-endocrine. Ngokwephulo elincinci lomlinganiselo osebenzayo phakathi kweenkqubo ezinkulu ze-hormonal, ziphumo ezinzima. Ukuphulwa kwe-hormonal balance ibonakaliswe zizifo ezinzulu, ukuphulwa komzimba kunye nophuhliso lwengqondo. Ukongezelela, kukho amahomoni amaninzi awakhiwe kwiingqungquthela ze-endocrine, kodwa kwiintlobo zomzimba. Kule qela, ebizwa ngokuba yi-hormone yee-tissu, ziquka i-hormone ezilawula inkqubo yokugaya inyama, ukuveliswa kweziselo zamathumbu kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-insulin. Elinye iqela elikhethekileyo le-hormones yamathambo yi-neurohormones.

IiHormone zisebenza njenge-biocatalysts. Ngamanye amagama, ama-hormone asebenza nje kuphela njengabathwali beenkcukacha, ababizwa ngokuba ngabalamli (abathumeli). Ababambi inxaxheba ekusebenziseni ukuxilongwa okubangelwa ngabo, ngoko ke ukubunjwa kwabo akutshintshi ngexesha leempendulo. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenzela ukuba i-hormone ingabinyuli, ihlala rhoqo (umzekelo, kwisibindi) idibene okanye ikhutshwe ngeentso. Ngoko ke, emzimbeni womntu onempilo, ukuxilongwa kwehommoni kudla rhoqo.

Ngokutsho kwimizi yamachiza ye-hormone yahlula iprotheni-prolactin, i-hormone ye-pituitary, i-steroid-estrogens, i-progesterone kunye ne-amino acid derivatives. Nangona ama-hormone enegazi ne-lymph asasazeka kuwo wonke umzimba, kodwa adala ukusabela kuphela kwiiseli ezithile okanye kwizitho ezithile. Ukusebenzisana kwe-hormone kunye nama-receptors kubangele yonke i-cascade ye-biochemical reaction in cell.

Umsebenzi we-hormonal system kufuneka ulawulwe ngokuthembekileyo kwaye ungenakulungelelaniswa. Kungenxa yokuba ukungaphumeleli kuncinci kubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu emzimbeni.
Ukubunjwa kwee-contraceptive ze-hormonal kubandakanya iifomu ezifanayo zesibini ze-sex hormones, i-estrogen kunye ne-progesterone. Bangakwazi ukufaka isandla ekubonakalisweni kokudakumba, i-migraine kunye nemivilini ye-varicose. Emva koko ugqirha ukhetha esinye isiyobisi ngeempembelelo ezingaphantsi.

Indima ebalulekileyo ye-hormonal system idlalwe yintonga ye-pituitary kunye nenxalenye yengqondo ephakathi-hypothalamus.
I-hormone yokukhula (i-hormone yokukhula) ilawula ukukhula komzimba womntu. Iprolactin inikezela ngemveliso yobisi. I-Oxytracine ibangela ukuchasana. I-hormone ye-Antidiuretic inqanda ukukhutshwa kwe-fluid ngokusebenzisa izintso.
I-Estrogen kunye neprogesterone ukulawula umjikelezo wesini kunye nenkxaso yokukhulelwa kwimeko eqhelekileyo.