ISigaba seShift
Le ngxaki ayizange ihluthe ootata. Kwakungekho nakwonke kwada kwafika ngokukhawuleza, kwaye okubaluleke kakhulu, izithuthi ezikhoyo, iiplanti zabagibeli. Xa sinqoba kwiiyure ezimbalwa umgama apho uMarco Polo okanye uChristopher Columbus athatha inyanga kunye neminyaka-oku kuphawulekayo kwaye kusenza sibe nekratshi ngempumelelo yeempucuko, kodwa impilo ibonakaliswa ngokumangalisayo. Akukho kuphela ingqondo ekulwela ukuqonda apho usuku lonke luye lwaphuma kwikhalenda okanye kutheni sahamba siye eNew York ngomso ofanayo njengoko bahamba. Umzimba awukwazi ukuhlangabezana nomthwalo omtsha ngawo-ukuguqula iwashi yangaphakathi kwixesha lendawo. Inyaniso kukuba iziqulatho zethu ze-biological (okanye circadian) ziveliswa zizizukulwana ezipheleleyo. Ookhokho bethu babehlala kwindawo enye okanye bahamba ngendlela efanelekileyo kunye nokulungelelanisa, ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe bahlengahlengise ixesha elitsha lokuphuma kwelanga nokushona kwelanga. Ukuveliswa kwamahomoni kunye nezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo (ngokukodwa, i-melatonin "i-hormone yokulala") kunye ne-enzyme yokugaya, utshintsho kwixinzelelo legazi kunye nomyinge we-pulse, imeko yesikhumba - konke oku kuxhomekeke kwishedyuli ethile, kunzima kakhulu kunokwenza imihla ngemihla. Uhambo oluya kwelinye ixesha lendawo, ukuba umahluko wexesha - ngaphezu kweeyure ezimbini, kubangela imeko yokuba iingcali zibiza i-desynchronosis. Desynchronosis - isifo esihambelana nokuphulwa kwemigangatho yezinto eziphilayo, "ukungaphumeleli kwenkqubo". Izimpawu zakhe zibuthongo, ubuthathaka, inkumbulo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, i-anorexia, ukucaphuka, ukukhathazeka, iintloko. Abantu abaninzi abanalo i-desynchronosis, kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba utshintsho lomzimba alukho ngaphakathi komzimba. Yingakho iindiza ezide zihlala zixesha lokuzivumelanisa. Iinkampani ezininzi zaseNtshona, ukuthumela abasebenzi kwiihambo ezikude, zizinike iintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu ezongezelelweyo, ukwenzela ukuba umntu angakwazi ukuzivumelanisa ne-biorhythms entsha kwaye emva koko ujongane nezoshishino. Kodwa oku akwaneleyo: kwimizimba encinane enempilo ukulungelelaniswa kokugqibela kwenzeka kungekudala kwiiveki ezimbini.
Ngokufundisa umzimba ukuba uhlale kwisigqi esitsha, omnye akufanele akhuphe kwaye asetyenzise "ukutshintsha" njengento yokulala iipilisi okanye iziyobisi ezivuselelayo. Zama ukulala kwaye uvuke kwixesha lendawo. Indlela efanelekileyo yokuvuselela ukuveliswa kwe-melatonin i-sunbathing (kodwa ungayidluli; okokuqala ngesiqingatha seyure ngosuku kuya kukwanela) kunye nomsebenzi wokwenyama. Iintsuku zokuqala zekhefu ngexesha lokuphumla, fumana ukulala ngokwaneleyo kwaye ungabandakanyi inkqubo ye-nervous nge-excursions. Umzimba okhulelweyo ungaphazamisa zonke iholide: kwimeko ye-desynchronosis, izifo ezingapheliyo zihlala zixakeka. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-desynchronosis "iyabamba" nathi emva kokubuya ekuhambeni. Ndazibona esikhwameni sam: emva kweveki echitha eIndonesia, iintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu zilandele "zivaliwe" ngo-9 ngokuhlwa - ngenxa yokuba yayisele ngehora lesibini ekuseni kwisiqithi saseJava. Ukuba emva kwekhefu, endaweni yokuphakamisa ithoni yakho kunye nomsebenzi wokusebenza, uziva unxinzeleleko olungapheli ngaphezu kweveki, kukufanelekile ukutyelela ugqirha okanye i-neurologist. Ugqirha akayi kubandakanyeka ezinye izizathu kwaye anikeze unyango lwe-vitamin kunye ne-sedatives egciniweyo kwisityalo, kwaye ukhuthaze ukuba ulale embhedeni, kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka, ungagqithisi ngokugqithiseleyo: ukuba unako ukutshintshela emsebenzini wesikhashana okanye uthathe umsebenzi ekhaya.
Ukufudumala kunye nokunyamezela
Indoda isidalwa esingaqhelekanga: sinokuphupha iholide emazweni atshisayo kwaye siphambuka xa ibha ye-mercury iphakama ngaphezu kwe-25 degree. Enyanisweni, kulula kakhulu ukunyamezela ukushisa kwindawo yokutshatyalaliswa kwezityalo ezinxweme kufuphi nomlambo, xa ibar yolwandle igcwele iziphuzo kunye neqhwa, kwaye igumbi lomoya-moya. Kodwa le miqathango ngamanye amaxesha ayanele. Isimo sezulu esitshatyalaliswayo esitshatyalaliswayo sichaza nje ukushisa, kodwa sikhankanya phezulu, kwaye senza umququzelelo: umqala uvakalelwa ukucwenga, kwaye ulusu luvakalelwa ebhakeni elitshisayo. Inyaniso kukuba umoya omanzi uvimbela ukukhuphuka kwamanzi ukusuka emzimbeni womzimba, ukuwunqanda ukuba kungenzeka ukupholisa. Ngoko ke, nangomntu onempilo kwimihla yokuqala yokuhlala kwisimo sezulu eshushu, ubushushu bomzimba bunokuphakama ngama-1 ukuya kwi-2 degrees. Ngelo xesha, i-pulse rate iya kwanda, kwaye uxinzelelo luya kuncipha: ngoko umzimba uyazama ukulungisa ukulungiswa kwamanzi. Amanye amaqabane angathandekiyo okuxhamla - ukulala, ukuphathwa kwentloko, ukuvuvukala kweminye imiphumo, ngamanye amaxesha ukubonakala kokugqithisa kwesikhumba esicasulayo. Ukubandezeleka kwezifo zengqondo kwiindawo zokuhlaziya ezinemimoya efana nesimo sezulu kwaye ungavumeli ukuphumla: ukushisa okutshisa kunokunyusa iindidi ezixhalabileyo, ukusuka ku-tachycardia ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo. I-Acclimatization imele ibe yinto enyanzelekileyo yokuphumla, kunye nokulungelelaniswa emva kokutshintsha kwemihlaba yexesha, kwaye kuthatha iintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezixhenxe. Kulo xesha kulunge ukuba "wenze ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza": ungaqambi ulala elunxwemeni kwaye ungasebenzisi ixesha elide elwandle, uthabathe uhambo oluthathaka ngokuhamba ngokuhlwa, xa ukushisa kuhla. Kususela kwiiyure eziyi-12 ukuya kwi-17 kungcono ukuba ungashiyi kwindawo yokuhlala emoyeni-ulungiselele i-siesta. Musa ukulibala ngamanzi: izinga lokusetyenziswa kwalo kwiindawo ezitshisayo liyakhula ukuya kuma-4 - 5 ilitha ngosuku, ngoko ungesabi ukusela ngaphezu kokuqhelekileyo. Izambatho zimele zikhulule, kungekufutshane nomzimba, ezivela kwindwangu zendalo. Kwaye, ke, khusela intloko yakho ngentonga okanye ngentsimbi. Oogqirha bajonga ubuncinane kwingozi yokutshatyalaliswa kwemozulu kwimizuzu engama-30 kunye nekhefu ezingama-28 iintsuku, ukwenzela ukuba xa kubuya kunokwenzeka ukuba kusebenze ngaphambi kokuya emsebenzini. Ukuba ukhetha ieholide ezifutshane - ungathengi iindwendwe kumazwe angaphandle, uhamba phambili kwiYurophu esondele, apho isimo sezulu sitsho kwaye siseduze nakwethu. Ukuba usaludonsa olwandle - khetha i-Black, iBaltic okanye iMedithera. Enye ingozi yokungaqhelekanga yintyatyambo yezilwanyana kunye nezilwanyana zasemaphandleni. Kwizilwanyana ezinobuthi kunye neengozi ezinobungozi onyanzelekile ukuba ulumkise kwi-arhente yokuhamba kunye nehotele, ngaphezu koko, abahambi abanamava ngaphambi kokuba uhambo luchithe ixesha elininzi kwi-intanethi, ufunda iimpawu zendawo ekhethiweyo yokuphumla. Kodwa nakhona apha iimangalisa zinokwenzeka - umzekelo, ngohlobo lwe-allergies ngokukhawuleza. I-pollen yezityalo ezingaqhelekanga ngexesha lokuqhakaza imvula ingabangela intsholongwane yefestile nakwabo bangakaze babandezeleka. Ngoko ke, kwisixhobo sokuqala sonyango ngokubhekiselele kwezinye iziyobisi kufuneka kubekho izidakamizwa ze-antiallergenic. Izifo zenyama ziyakwazi ukuvela ekutya okungaqhelekanga, ngoko kuzama kwiincinci ezincinci kwaye ungaxhomeki kwi-cuisine yangaphakathi kwiintsuku zokuqala zekhefu, ngelixa ulungelelaniso lwenzeka kwaye umzimba uya buthathaka.
Iintshaba ezingabonakaliyo
I-"scarecrow" ebaluleke kakhulu kubahambi ukuya kumazwe angaphandle, kunjalo, izifo eziyingozi. Nangona kunjalo, amathuba okuzisa kunye nesifo esingaqhelekanga e-Ukraine ngokwenene asinakuphakama kunokuba kunokwenzeka ukufumana umkhuhlane okanye inkukhu endizeni okanye kwisikhumulo sezindiza-ekugqibeleni, ikakhulukazi ngamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe amaninzi ama-hotbeds of microbes. Ingozi encinci yokusukela kwiiholide ezithandayo ziindawo zokuhlala eziseYurophu, ezinkulu kunazo zonke - amazwe ase-mpuma ye-Asia ne-Afrika. Ewe, kunye noLwandle lwethu oluNxweme oluMnyama, imeko ye-epidemiological ishiya into enqwenelekayo. Emazweni atshisayo, ungadli ukutya okuphekwe okanye kugcinwe ngaphandle: ngobushushu obaneleyo kunye nomswakama, ii-microorganisms zanda ngokukhawuleza kuyo. Nika ingqalelo ekuhlambulukeni kwiindawo zokudlela kunye neevenkile. Phuza kuphela amanzi asebhodeni kwaye ugweme iziphuzo ngeqhwa: ngokuqhelekileyo kulungiselelwe ukusuka kumathonjomanzi, kwaye akusiyo impawu eziphezulu. Le ngcebiso ingabonakala ingaqhelekanga, kodwa kumazwe angaphandle apho kukho umngcipheko wezonyango zamathumbu, kungcono ukusela iziphuzo ezipholileyo zeemveliso zamazwe ngamazwe ezaziwa kuwe. "Nangona bengenakulungele ukucima ukoma, ubuncinane unokuqiniseka ukuba ziphekwe ngesiseko samanzi ahlambulukileyo kunye nokusebenzisa imigangatho yemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe. Ukuhlamba rhoqo kwezandla kusemgangathweni oluyimfuneko, kodwa ukhethe ukukhetha izixazululo ezikhethekileyo ze-disinfectant (ngendlela ye-gels) kunye neetelkinsptoptic - zingathengwa kwii-pharmacy kunye nevenkile zokuzicoca. Uninzi lwamachiza lunokukhusela kwizifo ezininzi ezinobungozi. Ngoku kusemhlabeni kunesigxina esisodwa sokugonywa, ngaphandle kwesatifiketi esingavumelekanga kumazwe athile aseAsia, eAfrika naseMzantsi Melika - ngokubhekiselele kumkhuhlane we-yellow. Isatifikethi sokuba isitofu senziwe sisisampula samazwe ngamazwe avunywe yi-World Health Organization. Ukongezelela, iisayithi ze-ambassy zivame ukubonisa ukuba zeziphi izitofu ezicetyiswayo ngaphambi kohambo: isatifikethi asiyi kuhlolwe ngasemnyango, kodwa amanyathelo okukhusela angeke abe ngongqongqo. Izifo ezinjalo ziquka umkhuhlane we-typhoid, ikholera, i-diphtheria, isifo sesifo se-meningococcal (kubangele i-meningitis) kunye nabanye. Akukho nto yokugonywa kwi-malaria, ngoko ke ukuba uhamba kwilizwe apho esi sifo siqhelekileyo, kuya kufuneka ufumane imishanguzo ye-malaria eza kugqirha ugqirha.
Kwamazwe amaninzi, ugonyo olwenzelwe i-hepatitis A luyinto enqwenelekayo, kodwa kukho, njengoko bethetha, imibala. "KubaMerika kunye neNtshona Yurophu, ugonyo lokulwa ne-hepatitis A ngaphambi kokuya emazweni asakhulayo kunye nesimo sezulu eshushu. EUkraine, i-hepatitis A iyinto eqhelekileyo: abaninzi baseUkraine baye bayigudluza ngendlela evulekileyo njengomntwana, ngoko abayidingi ukubunjwa kwe-immunity. Kuba umntu omdala, esi sifo sinobungozi ngaphezu komntwana, kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukuba bathwale. Ukugonywa kule ntsholongwane kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwamanyathelo amabini ngexesha eliphakathi kweenyanga ezintandathu, kwaye ngaphambi kokuba uhambe eholide, awukwazi ukufumana enye yesibini. Ngoko ukuba ufuna ukugonywa, qalisa ukuhlalutya ngobungqina be-antibodies kwi-virus ye-hepatitis A, mhlawumbi awuyi kufuna isidlo. Ukuba akukho ithuba lokuhlola, kungcono ukumenywa. Ekubeni kubakho ukhuseleko - ugonyo lukhuselekile. Ngokufanayo, i-intramuscular human immunoglobulin ingalawulwa. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, qhagamshelana nogqirha. Kubalulekile ukuthatha iigonywa ixesha elide ngaphambi kohambo. Kungcono ezintandathu iinyanga ngaphambi kweeholide ehleliweyo ukubonana nodokotela ogulayo. Kwisebe ngokutheleleka kakhulu kwiingozi ze-SES kummandla wakho unokufumana apho ufumana khona i-yellow fever. Ngendlela, izitofu kufuneka zinyamekelwe kungekuphela kwimeko yohambo oluya kumazwe asakhulayo. Ehlobo, kukho umngcipheko kumahlathi aseYurophu ukuba anqunywe yikhaksi aze ahlaselwe yi-encephalitis ekhutshwe ngekiti - kukho isitofu sokugonya.
Amandla obugcisa
Ukunyamekela umzimba, ixesha lokucinga ngezinto zokomoya: emva koko, siya kwiholidi kungekuphela nje ukuzonwabisa umzimba ngokuhlamba kwelanga, ukuhlamba nokutya okumnandi, kodwa nokufumana izinto ezintsha. Kuphosakeleyo ukucinga ukuba oku kungenjalo kakhulu: "ukugqithisa" kokubonakalayo kuyingozi. Ukukhathala, ukunganakwa, ukungabikho kokutya, ukuphazamiseka kokulala - le meko "inokukugubungela" emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa zohambo olukhulu kwaye uhamba kwiidolophu ezingaqhelekanga. Eyona nto ingabonakaliyo yimeko apho isazi senzululwazi saseNtaliyane uGraellaella Margherini ngo-1979 sithiwa "iStendhal's Syndrome." Umlobi waseFransi, ehamba eItaly, echazwe kumanqaku akhe uhlaselo lwexeshana ngexesha lokuvavanya ubuhle beFlorence: "Xa ndandishiya iBandla leMoya oyiNgcwele, intliziyo yam yaqala ukutshitshisa, kwabonakala ngathi umthombo wobomi uphelile, ndahamba, ndiloyika ukuwa phantsi. . "Iipilpitations kunye nesimo sengqondo esasifanelekile ngaphambi kokubona imisebenzi emihle yobugcisa ziyimpawu ukuba uDkt. Margerini waphawula okungaphezu kwekhulu, kwaye oku, kuphela eFlorence, apho inani lezakhiwo zobugcisa kunye nezobuchwephesha kuphela. Ngokukodwa, watsho ibali leMelika yaseMelika, eyathi yalahleka imemori yakhe ngexesha elithile xa ekhangela umfanekiso kaDavid nguMichelangelo. Isigulane esinesi sifo, uDkt. Margerini uchaza: "Umntu wasemzini, oqhelekileyo ozalelwa eMpuma Yurophu, akatshatanga, uyakuthanda ubugcisa, ubulili obubesifazana, ubuneminyaka engama-25 ukuya kwimi-40." Okokuthi, bethu basekhaya bahlala kwiqela elijongene nobungozi. Ukongezelela, amandla okubonakaliswa kweempawu kuxhomekeke kwiimvakalelo ezihamba ngayo umhambi ngokulindeleka kwintlanganiso yokubambisana: ukunyamezela kwakukho kuzo, kubonakala ngathi ukubonakala kwe "Stendhal syndrome". Ekubonakalweni kwayo okugqithiseleyo, "iStendhal's Syndrome" inokubangela ubugwenxa obujoliswe kumsebenzi wobugcisa: i-vandal, eyathemba i-Rembrandt "Danau" i-acid kwiHermitage ngo-1985, yafumana into efanayo. Ngamanye amagama, umntu akahlali ekwazi ukujamelana neemvakalelo ezinamandla ezibangela umsebenzi wobugcisa.
Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, "iStendhal Syndrome" ithetha kwaye ibhalwe phantsi kangangoko: kunokucingelwa ukuba saqala ukuhamba ngaphezulu, kwaye oku kunciphisa ukubaluleka kwentlanganiso nganye eyahlukeneyo kunye nenhle. Ku luncedo ukuba nekhamera kunye nawe: imbono ngokusebenzisa i-lens isisusa kancinci kwi-masterpiece, ibeka udonga phakathi kwethu, eyanciphisa impembelelo ngqo; Ngaphezulu, iingcamango zethu ngelo xesha azihlali nomsebenzi wobugcisa, kodwa kunye nokwakha isakhelo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimyuziyam ezininzi kunye neetempile akuvunyelwe ukuthatha imifanekiso. Kulungile, xa umntu ofana nomntu ehamba nathi, esinokuxoxa naye ngeempembelelo: ngoko ke "siyikhulula" imeko egcweleyo emoyeni. Ukuba iqabane lingatholakali - gcina idayari, i-elektroniki okanye iphepha. Xa ucwangcisa iholide, ungazami ukubona nokuva ixesha elifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka: ukuba ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla bubuhlwempu kunye neempembelelo zengqondo, ikhefu ingaba luvavanyo olunzulu kwinkqubo yenzwa kunye nomzimba wonke. Ku luncedo ngakumbi kwaye unomdla ukunikela iholide ukuya kwenye indawo okanye ezimbini, kodwa ukuba uzifunde ngokugqibeleleyo, ngokunokwenzeka.