Iipropyms.
Iipilisi eziqhelekileyo ebuntwaneni. Amabhinqa anokuba nobude be-1 cm, abesilisa - ½ cm, ama-parasites ombala omhlophe, okukhunjulwayo kwintambo yomtya, bahlala emathunjini amakhulu. Ibhinqa elikhulelweyo liphuma kwi-anus, libeka amaqanda. Oku kubangele ukumbetha, umntwana utshabalala, amaqanda awela phantsi kweempiki kwaye oko kwenzeka ukuzitsholongwane: ngomlomo, amaqanda aphinde angene kwi-digestive tract, apho ajika khona abe izibungu, kwaye kwakhona iipasipiti ziyaqhubeka zivela kubo, umjikelezo uqala kwakhona. Ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane kuyenzeka ngamaqanda aphuma emanzini, angena kwiingubo zangaphantsi, phantsi kweeminwe kwaye ngaloo ndlela asasaze kwaye athathe abanye. Ngoko ke, njengommiselo, uninzi lwamalungu entsapho lusuleleka yi-pinworms. Ukukhulelwa kwezi zigulo zenza iimeko ezingenakunqwenelekayo zentlungu zesisu, kodwa izikhalazo eziphambili ziyinto engathandekiyo kwindawo engafanelekanga eyenza umntwana aphume, aphazamise ubuthongo bakhe. Amaqabunga eepompo angatholakala kwiifrape ezithathwe kwiifolda zangasemva.
Unyango. Impumelelo ingafezekiswa kuphela ukuba, kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwezibungu, umjikelezo onobungozi wokusuleleka kwintsholongwane, oko kukuthi, umjikelezo ochazwe ngasentla, uphukile, kwaye, ngaphezu koko, onke amalungu omndeni aya kunyangwa ngexesha elinye. Umntwana kufuneka alele ebhodini elivaliweyo kwaye uhlale ehlambulukile. Kwimizuzu emini umntwana kufuneka atshintshe ngaphantsi kweengubo, uhlambe kunye nentsimbi. Izidakamizwa ezivela kwiimbungu ezininzi (i-pyrantel, vermox, ezondliwa) kunye nezona zifanelekileyo ziyakunyulela ugqirha. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba unyango kunye nokuthintela, kukho imirhumo eyahlukeneyo yokuthatha amayeza.
Askaridoz .
Ukuhlasela kwama-ascarids kubangele ukuba kubangele ukuphendula okukhulu. Uphuhliso lwee-roundworms lufikelele ubude be-15-40 cm, lufana nemifuno yomhlaba, amabhinqa abomvu aphezulu kunamadoda. Ama-parasites ahlala emathunjini amancinci, amaqanda abo anamaqanda athululwa ngaphandle, awela emhlabathini kwaye, egcinwa apho, athola amandla okungena. Ngomhlaba ongcoliswe yiyo, iipasites ziwela kwimifuno, ize zibe ngamathumbu omntu. Ukuphuhliswa kwamathumbu emathumbu aqala ukusabalalisa ngendlela ekhethekileyo, baqhekeza udonga lwamathambo, bangena egazini kunye negazi - emiphakeni, bahlala kwi-alveoli, besuka apho kunye ne-sputum eginyiweyo emathunjini, apho emva kweeveki ezimbalwa beba ngumntu omdala.
Umfanekiso wekliniki . Izigulana zikhalaza iintloko, ubuthathaka obukhulu, ukukhathala, ngamanye amaxesha umkhuhlane. Izibonakaliso zesifo zibangelwa yinto eyenziwa ngabantu abadala abadala, ngakwelinye icala - iimveliso zabo zesifo se-metabolism, esinomzimba onobungozi okanye onobungozi emzimbeni. Inani elikhulu le-ascarids lingabangela ukuba i-eyus isithintelo sesisu, ukucinywa kwephepha lebhiliyali kubangela i-jaundice, ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi kungabangela ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumula. Izibungu ze-Ascarid, ezijikelezayo egazini, iiveki ezimbini emva kokusuleleka kungenza ukuba i-eosinophilic ingene emiphakeni, ehlala kwiintsuku eziyi-3-4, ihamba kunye nekhwehlo, kodwa ayifani kwiimpawu ezinzima. I-eosinophilia ephakamileyo ibonakala kwigazi. Iibhukhwe ezindala ngamanani amaninzi zidityaniswe kwi-rectum, ngamanye amaxesha emlonyeni. Kwi-ascariasis iimpawu ezahlukahlukeneyo zesifo esetyhefu kunye nesifo esinqumlekileyo siyaqwalaselwa: i-exanthema, ukuhlaselwa kwamagciwane, ukuhanjelwa, i-colic, kwezinye iimeko - ukuphendula kwiinkqubo zeentlanzi - ukugwenxa, ukulala ubuthongo, ukwesaba ubusuku, ubunzima obuncitshisiweyo kunye nokuhlutha kwesifo.
Ukunyanga i-ascariasis isebenzisa i-antihistamines, i-decaris, i-pyrantel, i-piperazine, enokumisela ugqirha.
Thintelo.
Ubunzima beendlela zokukhusela kunye ne-ascariasis lujoliswe ku:
- ukuchongwa kunye nokunyangwa kwe-invasive;
- ukukhuselwa komhlaba kwi-fecal contamination
- ukuqhuba umsebenzi ococekileyo kunye nokufundisa phakathi kwabantu.