Siphendula le mibuzo neminye ... I-diagnostic ("child") edlalelekileyo (umntwana akakwazi ukubona izinto ezikude), ukujonga amehlo (inkohlakalo ayifani ngokucacileyo iileta kunye nemiqondiso ecaleni), njenge-astigmatism (isiphene ehambelana nomfanekiso we-lens okanye i-cornea, apho ubuchule bokuqonda izinto bulahlekile) kunye ne-amblyopia (oko kuthiwa "iso lithembekileyo" - ukunciphisa embonweni kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu). Ngokuqhelekileyo okuqhelekileyo yintlobo ye-strabismus kunye ne-nystagmus (ukutshintshwa kweso). Izifo zamehlo kwiintsana - isihloko sokupapashwa.
Isizathu sokukhathazeka
Kwimviwo ehleliweyo kwi-ophthalmologist kufuneka ibe ubuncinane kanye kwisiqingatha sonyaka. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu zokuba, xa kufumaneka, abazali kufuneka babhalise kwimeko yokuxakeka ngogqirha nodokotela. Ngoko, umntwana wakho uya kufuneka afumane uviwo olunzulu ukuba:
- uhlala ephosa amehlo akhe;
- ayichazi imibala (oku kubonisa emva kweminyaka emithathu);
- izikhalazo eziqhelekileyo zentloko;
- zihlala zihlamba amehlo; Ukungcola ubona izinto;
- uzuze izifo zamehlo kwintsapho yakho.
Ukuva oku okanye ukuxilongwa, ungadikibali. Amachiza anamhlanje anika amaninzi amanqanaba angaphangeli ukulungisa umbono. Ukuchongwa okubalulekileyo kweengxaki
Iilazi okanye iilensi?
Ingxaki yeHamati enokuthi ixazulule kakhulu kwi-ophthalmologist (ezinye iingxaki zilungiswe kangcono ngeiglasi, ezinye iilensi). Ukuba ugqirha unokunika inkululeko yokuzikhethela kwaye akukho ukuphikisana ngokugqoka iilensi zakho zentsana (umzekelo, ukuthambekela kokunyamezela), ke zonke i-pluses kunye ne-minuses kufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Ngokwesiko, abazali ba bantwana abancinci banamathela kwiingongoma. Ewe, zilula kwaye zikulungele ukunyamekela. Nangona kunjalo, zonke iiprogram eziqhelekileyo kwi-optics (abantwana abazinyamekanga) kunye nenkcitho elandelayo. Ukongeza, abantwana abaninzi (ingakumbi amantombazana) banzima ngenxa yeiglasi zabo. Ukongezelela, ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo kwamaphuzu kubandakanya ingozi eyingozi.
Iingcamango ezingaqhelekanga
Xa unina unomntwana, umele ambonise izinto eziqaqambileyo kunye neengqungquthela esiswini. Enyanisweni, ukuphuhliswa kombono wengane kuqala kwiiveki zokuqala ezine zokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, kwisibeleko somama, ukukhanya akungena ngaphakathi, kwaye umntwana akanakuboni nantoni na. Nangona kunjalo, ukuzonwabisa koomama kunceda kakhulu kwiimvuthu. Iintsana ukuya kunyaka azikwazi ukugqoka iilazi okanye iilensi. Ngeenkcukacha ezikhoyo kwiintsana ezinyangeni ezi-6, unxibe iilensi. Kodwa ngeiglasi kufuneka zilinde (kuba iziqu ezinokuthi zibe yingozi). Nangona kunjalo, iilensi nazo zinokungabikho. Nangona bengaziboni kwaye abazifakeli iingcinezelo ezindlebeni nasempumlweni, i-lens idibanisa ingabangela ukuxhalaba nokukhathazeka. Abantwana abancinci baya kufuna uncedo lwakho, kwaye abantwana abangaphantsi banokulahlekelwa isitya okanye bafake udoti emehlweni abo (iilensi zosuku ziya kwenza kube lula kubo ubomi). Ukongeza, ngaphezu kweelensi ekhaya, kufuneka ube neiglasi (emva koko, ungalahlekelwa iilensi, kodwa kufuneka uhlale uzibona kakuhle).
Ukuqapha
Njengoko uyazi, iingxaki kulula ukukhusela kunokuzixazulula. Isibambiso sombono omuhle yindawo ehlelwe kakuhle kwimidlalo kunye nemisebenzi yengane. I-angle apho umntwana edlala khona kufuneka ilungile. Kungcono ukubeka idesksi kufuphi nefasitela ukuze ukukhanya kuwele ngakwesobunxele, kwaye isibane setafile sasijoliswe kwiincwadi kunye ne-albhamu. Yinakekele ukuba umntwana akagobi kakhulu ngaphantsi kwincwadi okanye umzobo. Ngaphambili, iimpembelelo eziphambili zemiboniso engafanelekanga kwizingane zasesikolweni kwaye ngokukodwa abantwana bezikolweni beencwadi, kodwa ngoku isandla sokhuphiswano sibelwe i-TV kunye nekhompyutha. Ungavumeli umntwana ukuba abukele iibhotole ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-20 ngemini kwaye ahlale kwikhompyutheni imizuzu engaphezu kwe-15 ngosuku. Ukuthintela kakhulu imbopheleleko yeempofu kuyindawo ekhethekileyo yokuzivocavoca. Vumela umntwana avalile amehlo akhe ngezandla zakhe kwaye apho, ebumnyameni obugqibeleleyo, uphendulela abafundi bakhe (amaxesha amahlanu ngakwesobunxele, amaxesha amahlanu ukuya kwesokudla). Ukuphindaphinda umzimba kufuneka ube ngamaxesha amathathu ngosuku. Ngaphinda ndifuna ukukhumbuza abazali malunga neemfuno zokuhlolwa kwamehlo nokuhlolwa kwamehlo ebuntwaneni. Njengomthetho, i-ophthalmologist ihlola umntwana okokuqala ngunyaka lwenyanga enye ize ibhekisise enye iminyaka 2-3 ngaphambi komnyaka omnye. Kwiminyaka emithathu yokuqala yobomi bomntwana, uphuhliso olubalulekileyo kunye nokwakhiwa kwenkqubo ye-optical yeso, lugqityiwe ngokupheleleyo uneminyaka eyi-15. Iingxaki ezininzi nezifo zilungiswa ngempumelelo kubantwana. Ingxaki eqhelekileyo ebuntwaneni iyiphutha lokuphika. Indlela ebalulekileyo ekulungiseni iingxaki ukulungisa umboniso, kubantwana, ukhetho luyakunikwa ukulungiswa ngeiglasi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko xa zikhethwa kakhulu okanye, ngokubanzi, kuphela kuphela ukulungiswa kwama-lens oqhagamshelwano. I-ophthalmologist izakuphakamisa kwaye zicebise indlela efanelekileyo kakhulu yokulungiswa komntwana wakho, kodwa uncedo oluphambili lwabazali kukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana unesidingo sokugqoka iiglasi (lenses), ekubeni ukungabikho kokulungiswa kukukhokelela ekuboneni okungahambi kakuhle kunye neengxaki ezinzulu.
Umncinci
Ngaphambi kwamehlo omntwana, amaqabunga aqhakazileyo kufuneka ahlale exhoma. Nangona kunjalo, ngamathoyizi omculo kungcono ukulinda ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-3. Ingxolo ingabangela ukwesaba i-crumb kwaye iqhube i-system ye-nervous, kwaye ngenxa yoko, ukuphazamiseka kombono. Ungawufihla ngokupheleleyo isikhalazo okanye umqhubi. Oku kunokuchaphazela kokubili i-psyche kunye nokubonakala komntwana. Ukuze uphephe ukuphuhliswa kwe-strabismus, umntwana kufuneka atshintshwe kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo, kwaye umbhede uhlaziywa ukusuka eludongeni olunye ukuya kwelinye. Unina ongumhlengikazi kufuneka adle aze athathe amavithamini ngendlela efanelekileyo. Uphulo olubukhali lwamavithamini A, B kunye no-C kukhokelela ekuboneni kakubi umntwana.