Musa ukukhathazeka xa umntwana wakho ehamba ebhedini. I-Bedwetting ixhaphake kakhulu. Abanye abantwana baxhomekeke ekuhambeni kwexesha kunokuhamba nabanye. Omnye umntwana oneminyaka engama-20 ubudala eneminyaka eyi-10 "uhamba" waya kulala. Ukutya kunye neziphuzo eziqukethe i-caffeine zingonakalisa imeko. Kuyafana nokuqhaqha. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba ukungabikho kokuvuthwa kwe-urinary okanye i-enuresis yasebusuku kubantwana kunokudibaniswa nokungalingani kwe-hormonal okanye "ukungathandabuzeki" kwesikhumba. Kodwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuba izizathu, uninzi lwabantwana lujamelana nale ngxaki emva kwexesha, ngoko ube nomonde. Kodwa nantoni na ukuyihoxisa isifo esinikweyo yonke into ayimfuneko. Eli nqaku lihlola izizathu ezibalulekileyo, iimpawu kunye neendlela zokonyango lwe-enuresis yobuntwana kunye neziyobisi ezithile, okuya kuba luncedo ukufunda ngomzali ngamnye.
Yintoni i-enuresis?
Ukungabikho kwamanzi e-Urinary (i-enuresis yomsila) kuthetha ukuba umntwana uyayifaka isisu sakhe ngexesha lokulala. Abazali abaninzi balindele ukuba abantwana baneminyaka emithathu bhedini eyomileyo. Nangona abantwana abaninzi kule minyaka badinga i-diaper engenamanzi, kwaye kaninzi nangaphambi kokuba ubudala besikolweni. Kodwa, uya kumangaliswa, kwanabafundi besikolo ukulala ngento eqhelekileyo.
Malunga ne-1 kwabantwana aba-7 abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala, kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka eli-20 ubudala abaneminyaka eli-10 abanalo le ngxaki. Umntwana ongazange abe nobusuku obomileyo sele sele ehlushwa "i-enuresis" yokuqala "yasebusuku. Umntwana owayenomdla wobusuku obomileyo, kodwa kamva waqala ukuhlakulela i-bedwetting, "unomlinganiselo" wokulala. Esi sifo sinamathuba amathathu okufumana amavulana kunamantombazana.
Yintoni eyenza i-enuresis?
Uninzi lwabantwana alukho isizathu esithile. Izinto ezinokubangela ukuba zibandakanya:
- Ukulindela kwamanga abazali. Abanye abantwana baqala ukukhula emva koko, kubandakanywa kwindawo yesikhumba, kunabanye. Oku kuqhelekileyo kwaye akubandakanyi ukuqonda okanye ezinye iingxaki zophuhliso! Nangona kulungile kubazali ukuba umntwana usomile ngaphambi kweminyaka emithathu, i-vestile ayikwazi ukulungele le minyaka emininzi.
- Umthamo ophantsi we-bladder. Abanye abantwana baya kwindlu yangasese ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunabanye ngokuqhelekileyo ngemini. Njengomthetho, abakwazi ukunyamezela ixesha elide. Isibilini sazo "sinobuhlungu". Oku kudla ngokutshintsha xa umntwana ekhula.
- Ukungalingani kwamancinci amancinci. Kubantwana abane-incontinence ye-urinary, ingxaki ingaba ukungakwazi ukuvelisa i-hormone ADH (i-hormone ye-antidiuretic) ebusuku. Le hormone iyanciphisa inani lomchamo emzimbeni ebusuku. Ngomxholo omncinane we hormone, umzimba uvame ukuvelisa umchamo ongaphezulu. Ukuba le ngenye yezinto, oku kuphucula ukuphucula xa umntwana ekhula.
- Ukungaphumeleli kwe "alarm clock yangaphakathi". Umntwana akakwazi ukufumana isalathisi malunga nesilwanyana esipheleleyo ngexesha kwaye angavuki ngokukodwa ukuya kwindlu yangasese. Kwakhona, ukuba le ngenye yezinto, imeko iyatshintsha xa umntwana ekhula.
- Izinto zobomi. I-Bedwetting ivame ukuhlala kwintsapho. Malunga ne-1 kwabantwana aba-7, abazali babo, abazalwana okanye odade abanengxaki efanayo, bajongene nale ngxaki ebuntwaneni babo.
Kukho izinto ezinokuchaphazela ukuphuhliswa kweembhedlele okanye iimeko ezinzima ezikhoyo. Ezi ziquka oku kulandelayo:
- Ukuxinezeleka kunokuchaphazela ukuqala kwe-enuresis emva kwexesha elomileyo. Umzekelo: ukuya esikolweni, ukubonakala komntwana omtsha, ukugula, ukuhamba, unyango, njl njl
- Iziphuzo kunye neemveliso eziqukethe i-caffeine. Ezi ziquka itiye, ikhofi, i-colas kunye necolethi. I-caffeine ikhulisa umthamo we-urine, le yile diuretic yangempela.
- Ukutyunjwa. Ukuqokelela okukhulu kweemfesi kwi-rectum kunokucatshukisa nokucaphukisa udonga olungasemva lwendawo. Ngokukodwa, abantwana abanomdla ongapheliyo bahlala bexilongwa ngokulala. Kufunyenwe ngophando lokuba abantwana aba-1 kwabantwana abathathu abanesifo esingapheliyo esibanjwe yi-enuresis.
- Abantwana abanengxaki yokungabikho kwengxaki yokugula (ADHD) banomngcipheko ophezulu ohambelana nengxaki yokulala.
Olunye uhlobo "lwezonyango" ezibangela i- enuresis alunqabile. Umzekelo: ukusuleleka kwindlela yokucoca, ukugula kwe-apnea ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-airways, isifo sikashukela kunye nezifo ezingabonakaliyo zesibindi. Uhlobo lwezonyango lokungabikho kwinto enokwenzeka ukuba umntwana osuku lwangomso "uyazibamba" iincindi. Ugqirha, ngokomthetho, akafaki izi zizathu ngokufunda umntwana kunye nokuvavanya umchamo. Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana baxhomekeke kwiimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukujonga iingxaki ezingaqhelekiyo zesibindi.
Unokuthintela njani ukuthintela i-enuresis kumntwana?
Iidrafers.
Ukuba uthetha isigqibo: "Ngoku yisikhathi sokuphuma kwidrafers" - vala ukuzisebenzisa. Ngonaphakade. Ungazivumeli ukwenza ubomi bube lula nge-diaper. Oku kunika abantwana ithuba lokuzama ukuma. Ewe, kukho umngcipheko weengxowa ezimanzi kunye nelinen yelinen ngexesha elithile. Nangona kunjalo, abantwana abancinci ngokukhawuleza bayaqonda ukuba imanzi "imbi" kwaye ayibi. Kwaye bajamelana nale nkinga ngokwabo.
Ukunyamezela, induduzo nothando.
Enyanisweni, i-enuresis kumntwana kuyisikhathi esingathandeki kubazali. Kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi: akukho nonyango yabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu! Nangona umntwana wakho ehlushwa ubusuku bokungahambi esikolweni ngokwawo, kukho ithuba eliphezulu lokuba uya kuyeka kungekudala. Kukho imizekelo emininzi apho abantwana "baphiliswa" kwesi sifo ngokwabo.
Musa ukujezisa abantwana ngenxa yokulala! Akusiyo iphoso labo! Kodwa kufuneka bahlale bekhuthazwa ukuba ubona naluphi uphuculo. Zama ukunyamekela naluphi na ukuphulwa kwintsapho okanye isikolo esinokubandezeleka kumntwana wakho. Ukuba i-bedwetting iyenzeka emva kwexesha elomileyo, lingabonakalisa uxinzelelo olusondeleyo kunye nokwesaba (umzekelo, ukuxhaphaza esikolweni, njl.).
Abazali inkcazo.
Xa umntwana wakho ekhulile ngokwaneleyo ukuqonda ethile yemithetho yemvelo, vele uchaze izinto ezilandelayo kuye. Umzimba uvelisa amanzi onke amaxesha kwaye uyigcina kwisitya. I-bladder ifana ibhaluni ezele ngamanzi. Sivula "umpompo" xa i-bladder igcwele. I-vestile igcwalisa ebusuku xa silala. Nangona kunjalo, "i-crane" ye-bladder akufanele ilale kwaye kufuneka isiphakamise xa i-bladder igcwele.
Xanduva lwa bantwana.
Xa umntwana ekhula (eneminyaka emihlanu okanye emithandathu), mcele ukuba akuncede unqabise umbhede wakhe omanzi. Oku kuyamangalisa, kodwa abantwana abaninzi basabela ngayo ngoku. Oku kunokunika ingxabano eyongezelelweyo yokuphuma ebhedeni kwaye uye kwindlu yangasese, ugweme ukutshintsha kwelinen yelinen.
Iingcebiso ezingaphezulu zokukhusela i-enuresis.
- Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana akanakho ukwesaba okufihliweyo kunye neengxaki zokuvuka ebusuku. Umzekelo, ukwesaba ubumnyama, izibungulu, njl. Zama ukushiya ukukhanya kwindlu yangasese ebusuku.
- Musa ukulinganisela ukusetyenziswa kweziphuzo ngaphambi kokulala! I-vestile kufuneka isetyenziswe ukuzalisa nokugcina umchamo. Ukuba unqanda utywala yonke imini, i-vestile ayikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eqhelekileyo. Uninzi lwabantwana lufuna ukusela malunga nee-6-8 zeekomityi zamanzi ngosuku. Ukongeza, njengoko kukhankanywe ngasentla, itiye, ikhofi okanye i-cola inokuchaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwamathambo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka baphephe iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokulala.
- Musa ukuvusa umntwana ebusuku! Oku kunenzuzo encinci, kwaye inokulondoloza le ngxaki. Umntwana makasetyenziswe ukuvusa xa ibhola lizele. Abantwana kaninzi abakhumbuli ukuba bakhuliswa njani, kwaye ngoku azincedi ukuba bazuze ukulawulwa kwabo ngokwemeko yesibindi. Nangona kunjalo, qiniseka ukuba umntwana wakho uya kwindlu yangasese ngaphambi kokulala.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho unobungozi, qhagamshelana nogqirha ukuze ufumane iingcebiso kunye unyango. Unyango lwe-constipation uvame ukuphilisa kunye ne-enuresis. Kwisifundo esithile, malunga nesithathu kwisithathu sabantwana abanomdla wokuhlala unobungozi obunobusuku bokungcola. Ukunyanga kokuqhaqha kwaza kwaphilisa i-enuresis kubini kubantwana abathathu.
Iintsholongwane zonyango lokungabikho kobusuku kubantwana.
Isilwanyana se-desmopressin.
I-Desmopressin yinto ekhethwa kakhulu ekusetyenzisweni ukunyanzelisa urheni. I dose inikwa nje ngaphambi kokulala. Yinikezelwa zombini kwimiqulu yamacwecwe eginyiweyo, kwaye ngefomathi "yamacwecwe". Ubuncedo bokugqibela kukuba isenzo sabo asixhomekeke kwisidlo kwisisu. Ukukhishwa kwangaphambili kwe-desmopressin ngendlela ye-spray spray. Nangona kunjalo, yaxothwa kwimveliso ngenxa yengozi yokwanda kwemiphumo xa kuthelekiswa neziyobisi ezifanayo kwiipilisi.
I-desmopressin isebenza njani?
Isebenza ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokunciphisa umlinganiselo we-urine oveliswe ngobusuku ngobomi ngeentso. Ngaloo ndlela, i-bladder ayizalisi kakhulu ebusuku.
Iphumelela kangakanani i-desmopressin?
Kwinkoliso yabantwana abaninzi abathatha i-desmopressin, kukho uphuculo. Oku kungabikho busuku obuninzi "obumanzi" kunokuba buqhelekileyo, kunokuba "bome" ngokupheleleyo ubusuku bonke. Malunga ne-1 kwabantwana aba-5 abathatha i-desmopressin baphiliswa ngokupheleleyo kwi-enuresis.
Ziziphi iingenelo ze-desmopressin?
Ngenxa yokuba usebenza njani (ukunciphisa umthamo we-urine), unesiphumo esele senzeke ngobusuku bokuqala bonyango. Oku kunokukhuthaza kakhulu umntwana.
Ukuba isilwanyana asizange siphumelele kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, akunakwenzeka ukusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha umthamo wokuqala awunelanga ngokwaneleyo. Ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba ukwandise umthamo, ukuba awusebenzi, ukujonga kuqala. Ukongezelela, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukutya kunokuphazamisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-desmopressin emzimbeni. Ngoko ke, ukuba ayisebenzi, uzama ukunika idosi ubuncinane iyure nesiqingatha emva kokutya. Futhi ungasondli umntwana wakho ngaphambi kokulala.
Ziziphi iingxaki ze-desmopressin?
Ayisebenzi kuzo zonke iimeko. Ukongezelela, abantwana abayithathileyo, kukho ukuphakama okuphezulu ukuba i-bedwetting iza kubuya emva kokuba isicatshulwa siphelile. Abanye abantwana bahlakulela imiphumo emibi, kodwa ayinqabile.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-desmopressin nini kwaye njani?
Ngokuqhelekileyo ibhalwa kuphela kubantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-7, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka emibini okanye abatsha. Ukuba isebenza, isicelo sayo sinokunyulwa kwithuba elithile. Emva kweenyanga ezintathu zonyango, i-desmopressin kufuneka ishiywe ubuncinane ngeveki ukuvavanya imeko yomntwana.
I-Desmopressin ingaba luncedo kumaxesha athile. Umzekelo, ieholide okanye ixesha elide ukusuka ekhaya (ukuhamba, njl). Inokukunceda umntwana olwa ne-bedwetting ukubonisa umzekelo wobusuku "obomileyo".
Umntwana kufuneka athele kuphela umlinganiselo omncinci wamanzi ngaphambi nangemva kokuthatha i-desmopressin.
Imiphumo emibi ye-desmopressin.
Imiphumo engavumelekanga. Ezi ziquka intloko, isisongomso, kunye nesitulo esisezantsi. Ezi ziphumo zecala azinzulu kwaye zinyamalalala ngokukhawuleza ukuba unyango luyekile.
Kunqabile kakhulu, ukuthatha iilisi kunokukhokelela ekugqithiseni okwenziwe ngamanzi (kakhulu kunomzimba emzimbeni). Oku kunokukhokelela ekuthinjeni kunye neengxaki ezinzulu. Kufuneka kugxininiswe ukuba le yintsikelelo enqabileyo yentsholongwane kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke. Nangona kunjalo, njengendlela yokuqapha:
- Umntwana akafanele atywala kakhulu ngokuhlwa. "Amanani" aqhelekileyo ekunciphiseni ukoma unobulungisa, kodwa akusiyo iziphuzo ezongezelelweyo zokuzonwabisa, ezinjengamathole ane-lemonade.
- Umntwana akafanele aphuze ngaphezu kweyomityi enye yamanzi (malunga ne-240 ml) ngeyure enye ngaphambi kokuba athathe i-desmopressin kwaye emva kweeyure ezisibhozo emva koko.
Ukongezelela, i-desmopressin ayinikezwa umntwana onesifo sohudo okanye ukuhlanza ade afike. Abantwana abanokuhlanza kunye nesifo sohudo kufuneka banikezwe ngamanzi amaninzi.
Iingcali zokugulisa i-tricyclic.
Ezi ziyobisi ziye zasetyenziselwa iminyaka emininzi ukuphatha ukungahambisani nobusuku obusenyongweni. Ziquka imipramine, amitriptyline, kunye ne-nortriptyline. I dose inikwa nje ngaphambi kokulala.
I-tricyclic anti-depressants isebenza njani?
Isenzo sabo asinanto nantoni na isenzo se-antidepressants. Banefuthe elongezelelweyo kwi-bladder.
Ziyimpumelelo kangakanani i-tricyclic antidepressants?
Impumelelo ifana ne-desmopressin. Kwaye kukho ubukhulu obuphezulu bokuthi i-bedwetting iya kubuya emva kokuyeka unyango.
Ziyiphi i-tricyclic antidepressants?
Njengomthetho, zichazwe kuphela kubantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka esixhenxe. Ezi zi yobisi azithandwayo njenge-desmopressin. Oku kungenxa yokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba iziphumo zecala ziphezulu. Ukongezelela, ezi zi yobungozi ziyingozi xa kunokudlula ngaphezulu. Zibagcine kude nabantwana. Nangona kunjalo, i-tricyclic antidepressants iyinketho xa i-desmopressin ingasebenzi.
Ziziphi iziphumo ezibi?
Uninzi lwabantwana aluba nemiphumo emibi. Ezi ziquka: umlomo owomileyo, ukuzithemba, umbono ophazamisekileyo, ukuxhalabisa, ukuxhalaba, ukuxhalaba, ukulala, ukulala. Naziphi na iziphumo zecala zivela emva kokuba izidakamizwa zihoxiswe. Isiphumo esinqabileyo kodwa esinzulu siphulo-ntliziyo.