Isifo sikashukela sisifo esiyingozi. Oogqirha bayabetha i-alamu-abantwana abaninzi banokugula ngesifo sikashukela. Kwisigaba sokuqala sesifo sikashukela kunzima ukuxilonga. Abazali bavame ukudibanisa iimpawu zakhe nezinye izifo kwaye musa ukubuyela kudokotela ngexesha. Ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokunyangwa kwesifo sikashukela kubantwana kunyuse kakhulu amathuba okuphumelela. Ziziphi abazali abahlala bexhalabele?
Ingaba iintsana zifumana isifo sikashukela? Isifo sikashukela sibonakala ngezinga eliphezulu leswekile kwigazi. Kwaye ezi ziintlupheko zihambelana nokungabikho okanye ukungabikho okupheleleyo kwe-insulin. Nangona i-diabetes mellitus inokuthi ifunyanwe kusebuntwaneni, abantwana abaselula banesifo sikashukela. Nangona kunjalo, abadala abantwana, ukuxilongwa okuphawulekayo kwenziwa rhoqo.
Ziziphi iimpawu abazali abafanele bakhathalele ngazo? Uphawu oluphawulekayo lwesifo sikashukela yilapho umntwana eqala ukuziva unxanelwe ngaso sonke ixesha. Ngoko ke, uyaphuza kakhulu. Emva kokusela indebe yesiselo, ngokukhawuleza ufuna ukusela kwakhona. Umzimba uqala ukuvelisa umchamo (kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo) umchamo kunokuqhelekileyo. Ukuba umntwana enxiba i-diapers ezilahlayo, amanqaku athi umama unzima kakhulu. Olunye uphawu luye lwaphawula ngokuphawulekayo kumsebenzi. Kwimiba emlonyeni ngamanye amaxesha kukho i-jaundices, efana nesi sifo se membrane kunye nesikhumba seekona zomlomo. Ngamanye amaxesha uphawu oludityaniswayo nesifo. Umntwana ufumana i-antibiotiki, eqinisweni, ayincede. Nangona kunjalo, umntwana uvakalelwa kakubi, ukuhlanza kwenzeka. Ngenxa yoko, abantwana bangena esibhedlele kwiimeko ezibi kakhulu. Ukuba isifo sikashukela asiqatshelwa ngexesha, sinokubangela ukuba, ngelishwa, kuholele kwi-coma.
Iyintoni imbangela yesi sifo? Abantwana bahlala behlushwa yi-type 1 yesifo sikashukela, kuxhomekeke kwi-insulin. Esi sifo esizimeleyo, esekelwe kwisiphene somzimba womzimba womzimba. I-pancreas iqulethe iiseli ze-beta ezenza i-insulin. Iphutha le-immune system kukuba liqala ukuphatha iiseli ze-beta njengotshaba, ngoko ke zifuna ukuzintshabalalisa. Iiseli zeBeta ziyafa, ngoko ke akunakwenzeka ukuvelisa i-insulin emzimbeni.
Kutheni umntu efuna i-insulin? I-insulin yi-hormone ejongene nokugcina isondo eliqhelekileyo leswekile legazi. Ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yamandla, ibandakanyeka kwi-metabolism yamaprotheni, i-carbohydrates kunye namafutha. Ukungahambi kakuhle okanye ukungabikho kwe-insulin kubungozi bokuphila. Ngenxa yokuba imisipha yomzimba wonke kunye neeseli azifumani izondlo ezaneleyo.
Ngaba isifo sikashukela sinokuthintela ngokutya okunempilo kunye nendlela yokuphila enempilo? Ngelishwa, kunye nohlobo olu-1 lwesifo sikashukela, abantwana abavame ukuhlupheka - hayi. Esi sifo (ngokungafani nohlobo lwesibini) asinanto enxulumene nendlela yokuphila kunye nesondlo. Oku akubangelwa kukuba ingaba umntwana unobunzima obunzima okanye ukuxhamla ngokweqile. Kwaye nangakumbi oko akuxhomekeke kwinani leeskese ezidliweyo. Oososayensi abazi ukuba kutheni ngexesha elithile amajoni omzimba omntwana abantwana aqala ukusebenza ngokungafanelekanga. Mhlawumbi oku kubangelwa uhlobo oluthile lokusuleleka kwintsholongwane. Kodwa oku kuyingcamango kuphela. Ukuba uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela, abazali abakwazi ukwenza nantoni na, kodwa banamandla okukhusela isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2. Ukubonakala kwayo kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ukukhuluphala, ukutya okungafanelekanga nokuphila ngendlela yokuhlala. Oku kusebenza nakwabantu abadala, ingakumbi abo abanelungelo lokufa.
Njani ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela esilawulwa ngabantwana? Kulula kakhulu: umchamo kunye negazi lomntwana zihlaziywa. Ubukho beshukela kumchamo kunye negazi eliphakamileyo legazi lingabonisa isifo sikashukela. Ukuba ugqirha ugxeka isifo sikashukela, umntwana uhanjelwa unyango.
Yintoni onokuyenza xa umntwana wakho egula? Kwiiveki ezimbini umntwana wakho uya kunyangwa esibhedlele. Oku kuyimfuneko kuba ekuqaleni kufuneka ihlolwe ngokucokisekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kufuneka i-insulin engakanani. Abazali baya kufundiswa indlela yokulinganisa inqanaba leswekile kumagazi omntwana, indlela yokufaka i-insulin (ukuba iyimfuneko), indlela yokucwangcisa ukutya. Konke oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukunganakwa kunye nesimo sengqondo esingenakuxanduva kungakhokelela kwi-hypoglycemia, ukulahleka kwengqondo.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka isifo sikashukela? Oogqirha abanako ukuphilisa ngokupheleleyo isifo sikashukela. Kodwa musa ukuyeka! Ukuba abazali kunye nomntwana balandela imiyalelo yoogqirha ngokuthembeka, ngoko esi sifo singaphila ngaphandle kweengxaki. Njengomthetho, abantwana abanjalo baya esikolweni, bafunde kakuhle, banokwenza umsebenzi onokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, kucacile ukuba kufuneka utshintshe ubomi. Abazali bavame ukuvuma ukuba emva kokuxilongwa kwintsapho yabo kuqala ubomi obuthile. Umntwana ufumana amagciwane ama-3-5 ngamaxesha ngaphambi kokutya. Kumele adle kangangoko kunyanzelekile ukwenzela ukuba iqondo leshukela legazi liwanele. Amaxesha amaninzi ngemini, kubalulekile ukulinganisa izinga leswekile kwigazi. Konke oku kufuneka kwenziwe! Ngenxa yokuba isifo sikashukela esiphathwe kakubi kwiminyaka embalwa sibangela iingxaki ezinzulu, ingakumbi kwizintso. Kwaye kunokukhokelela ekuphoseni.
Yintoni ipompo ye-insulin? Esi sixhobo sinokuba luncedo kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Ukulula ubomi babo. Ngombulelo kumpom, i-dose ye-insulin ingaqwalaselwa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ilandelwe. Umntwana ogulayo akayi kuhlaselwa ngamanye amaxesha ngosuku ukuze amnike umthamo we-insulin. Xa usebenzisa ipompo ye-insulin, ijoyiji yenziwa nganye iintsuku ezintathu. Ikhompyutheni icacisa i-insulin kunye nokutya kokutya. Ngenxa yetheknoloji yanamhlanje, unyango lwabantwana luba lula kwaye lukhuselekile. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuyikukhupha umntwana kunye nabazali bokulawula iswekile yegazi kunye nokutya okunempilo.
Xa ukufumanisa nokuphatha isifo sikashukela kubantwana, zonke izinto zibalulekile. Ngulo xanduva kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwabazali, ootitshala kunye noontanga. Olu bubungcali boogqirha kunye nezixhobo zonyango zanamhlanje. Ukuqonda kwengxaki ngumntwana. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu, njengokuba njalo, uthando nothando olungathandekiyo. Ukuva ukufudumala kunye nokuqwalasela, umntwana uya kuhamba kuzo zonke izilingo, kwaye aphile ubomi obupheleleyo. Kungenzeka ukuba ngokukhawuleza izazinzulu ziya kufumana ukuphathwa kwesi sifo esibi.