Iinyanga zokulinda ezidinileyo ziza kufika ekupheleni, encinane kunawe iyahlukana kwiintlanganiso kunye nosana. Into ebangela ukuba umxhelo ovuyayo luyimfuneko yokuhamba nentlungu. Nangona "umhle" ummelwane-intombi intombi, bathi, intlungu ekubelethweni - okubi kunamazinyo. Ungethuki kusengaphambili, uzenzele umfanekiso owonakalisayo wokuzalwa obuhlungu, obuhlungu. Okokuqala, indlela onyamezela ngayo ukulwa, iya kubonakala kuphela "kumzuzwana X". Indlela yokwazi, ngokukhawuleza uya kuwela kwinani labanenhlanhla ngokubeletha ngokulula nangentlungu? Kwaye okwesibini, namhlanje kukho iindlela ezininzi ezinceda ukuphucula imeko yowesifazane osemsebenzini.
Wakho umlawuli
Okokuqala nokuphambili, kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukuzinceda, oku kufundiswa ekulungiseleleni izifundo zabazali. Phakathi kweendlela ezibonakaliswe zendalo - i-yoga kunye neeseti ezizodwa zokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuvumela ukuba uthathe ulawulo lweengcambu ze-pelvic ngexesha elibaluleke kakhulu. Ukongezelela, ukunciphisa intlungu kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuhanjiswa kunceda ukuhlalisa umzimba (unokuphazamisa isisu sakho, umlenze, ungaphantsi okanye usibeke ezandleni ezithembekileyo zomyeni wakho, umama) nokuphefumula okulungileyo ngexesha lokubeleka. Nokuba ukuba uyamangalisa into oyilumkileyo oyikwayo ngabafazi abanolwazi okanye abafundiswa kwiikhosi, bephulaphula ngokucophelela imiyalelo yesigqirha - kwaye uya kuphumelela! Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungalahleki kwizinto zokuqala zokuhlala: uhleli, uncike emva kwesitulo, ulele ecaleni okanye uguqule ukusuka ezinyaweni ukuya kwelinyawo - umzimba ngokwawo uza kukuxelela ukuba yeyiphi imeko ekulungele ukunyamezela imizamo. Xa iziphambano zibuhlungu kakhulu, icandelo le-caesarean liboniswa, okanye ukuba kukho ezinye izibonakaliso zonyango apho uMama engafuni ukunyamezela imizamo enzima kunye nentlungu (umzekelo, i-myopia), i-anesthesia yeziyobisi isetyenziswa.
Ubuthongo obuhle
Indlela yokuqala ye-analgeia yezilwanyana kubasebenzi iyisifo esinjenge-intravenous or anesthesia. Iidakamizwa ezisetyenziswayo ezinomzimba obonakala lula kumzimba, ngokuqhelekileyo i-analcotic analgesics (Fentanyl, Promedol). Kule meko, kungekhona nje intlungu yokunciphisa ubuhlungu, umama osemntwaneni unokuwela ngexesha lokulala esithambileyo ixesha elithile. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uphumule emsebenzini. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela inempendulo ephawulekayo: uxinzelelo lobomi lukaMama luyakwazi "ukuwa" kangangokuba umjikelezo we-utero-placental uphazamiseka, ngenxa yoko umntwana athola i-oksijini engaphantsi. Yaye oku kuphelelwa yindlala yomoya (i-hypoxia) yomntwana. Ukongeza, ukuba i-anesthesia yenziwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye imiphumo yesichengiselwano ayinalo ixesha lokuya ku-no, umntwana uzalelwe kwimeko yoxinzelelo lwezonyango. Ngako oko, ngoku kutshanje, "ukuthandwa" okukhulu phakathi koogqirha kunye naphakathi kweendlela ezisetyenziswayo kusebenzisa indlela eyahlukileyo - i-epestural anesthesia (EPA). Unika amathuba amaninzi okuzala umntwana ophilileyo, ukulibala malunga nentlungu kunye noyiko.
Iyintoni i-anesthesia ye-epidural?
Okwangoku, le ndlela iyona ndlela eqhelekileyo ye-anesthesia (kumazwe amaninzi, umzekelo, eFransi, i-USA phantsi kwe-EPA ivela kuma-70% okuzalwa). Kuyinto enomdla ukuba le yindlela kuphela ye-anesthesia, evunyelwe yiCawa yamaKatolika. I-epestural anesthesia yenziwa ngokwelo cwangciso. I-anesthesiologist yenza ikhefu le-epidural space (igobolondo elukhuni lomthambo womthambo) kunye nenaliti ekhethekileyo kwinqanaba le-3-4 kwi-verbrae kwingingqi. Emva koko, ngokusebenzisa inaliti, ugqirha ufaka i-catheter (inaliti isuswe), apho umthamo ofunekayo wesisombululo se-anesthetic ulawulwa. Emva kwenkqubo enjalo, "ukungathathi hlangothi" kweziphetho zentsholongwane, ezikhokelela kwisibeleko, kwindlela ethile eyenzekayo. Imisebenzi yemisipha yesibindi ngenxa yesiphumo ayiguqukanga, kwaye unina akayi kuva intlungu. Akuyimfuneko ukudibanisa i-anesthesia ye-epidural ne-analgesia ye-epidural. Nge-anesthesia ye-epidural, isisombululo esiphezulu se-anesthetic sijojowe kwindawo ye-spinal cord kumanani amancinci. Iziphelo zomlomo kwizinga le-lumbar zilahlekelwa ubunzulu ngokuphantse ngokupheleleyo, zivaliwe, umfazi akanakuziva ulwaphulo, imilenze yakhe ikhula. Ibhinqa lizala lilele ngecala lakhe okanye ngasemva kwayo, liphakamisa isifuba sayo. Impendulo ecacileyo yale ndlela yindlela yokungahambi kakuhle kwowesifazane ekuzalweni kwakhe, ukungabandakanyeka kwintlanganiso yokubeletha. Kwaye ngokwengqondo, akusiwo onke amabhinqa aqhelekileyo atshintshe eloo rhulumente. Kodwa nge-analgesia ye-epidural, i-anesthetic egxininisekile ingena kwi-volume enkulu. Ukunciphisa ubuhlungu besikhwama semiphunga kwenzeka ngokukodwa njengokuba umfazi ukhululekile ukuba abelethe. Unina unakho ukulwa, uhamba ngokukhululekile kwaye uthatha indawo ezahlukileyo ngexesha lokubanjwa nokubeletha. Emva kwexesha elithile, i-anesthetist yongeza enye i-doesthetic. Idibaniso enkulu yale ndlela kukuba le ntokazi ibona inkqubo yokuzalwa kwaye ikwazi ukuyilawula ngokuzimeleyo.
Ingqalelo: iingxaki
Nangona kusetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiNtshona nakwizithethe zomzimba, i-anesthesia ye-epidural ineengxaki ezininzi. Phakathi kweempembelelo ezingekho embi emva kwenkqubo - inguqu encinci kwingcinezelo yegazi kwizigulane, kunye neentloko kunye ne-migraines, ezinokuphuhlisa iintsuku ezingama-2-3 emva kokungenelela. Kwaye amaninzi amaxesha, iingxaki azihambelani nobuchule be-anesthesiologist kunye nezobugcisa beenkqubo ngokwazo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, intloko yenzeke ngezizathu ezibini:
- kwi-spidural spaces space drugs esetyenziselwa ukuba ayilungiselelwe i-anesthesia ye-epidural. Ukunciphisa iindleko ezipheleleyo zeenkqubo zisebenzise i-anesthhetics engancinci ngeqondo eliphantsi lokuhlanjululwa - kodwa kulo mzekelo, ukugcinwa okunjalo akufanele kulungele;
Iisetyenzisi ezinobunzima ezisetyenziselwa ukuqhuba i-EPA. Kodwa kunye neziphene ezincinci kwi-aldle (burrs okanye nakwezityholo zensimbi ezingabonwa phantsi kwe-microscope) zingalimaza ingqondo. Xa inaliti isuswe, inxalenye yezinto eziqulethwe ngumgudu womgogodla (u-cerebrospinal fluid) uhamba, kubangele utshintsho kwingcinezelo kuyo. Esi sizathu senkxalabo sagqitywa kunye nokubonakala kweenaliti eziphakamileyo kunye neepensile yokucinisa (ngendlela yeconsi), ephosa kuphela iipalali zamadoda (ngoko ke bahlala kwindawo yabo yokuqala) ngokubakho, inqubo ihamba ngaphandle kweengxaki. Kodwa ukuhla kweengcinezelo kwizilwanyana ezincelisayo kunye ne-EPA kubangelwa kuphela ukuphendulwa komzimba komzimba kwi-anesthetic. Njengoko i-anesthesia, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-epidural ingabhubhisa i-hypoxia ye-fetus, ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela intliziyo yomntwana ekuzalweni, kungekhona nje nge-stethoscope, kodwa nge-cardiac monitor.Ukuba zonke izihlandlo zivakaliswe kwaye zigcinwe, ukubeletha nge-EPA kuya kuba lula kuwe , kwaye unako ukubeletha umntwana ophilileyo ngaphandle kwentlungu kwaye kungenakunzima.
Emva kwegama
Namhlanje, abaninzi abachwephesha-abanezinyathelo zezilwanyana bayavumelana: I-EPA yinto enye yezona ndlela zanamhlanje zesifo se-anesthesia ekuzalweni. Nangona kunjalo, akunjalo, ukuba kuphela ngenxa yokwandisa kakhulu indleko yokubeleka. Kodwa inzululwazi ayimi yimi, abachwephethini abazange bayeke apho kwaye baqhubeke befuna ukunakekelwa ngokufanelekileyo kwabasetyhini xa bebeletha. Ngoko, umzekelo, ngoku eNgilani ukuzalwa kudla kakhulu ... phantsi kwe-hypnosis. Ingundoqo yesicatshulwa kukuba i-psychologists abanamava "bahlolisisa umhlaba" kusengaphambili ukwenzela ukuba umfazi afune ukuxhomekeka, isigaba ngasinye sikulungiselele umzuzu obalulekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngeemimmies ezizayo, iiklasi ziqhutyelwa ukuzisa i-trance, ezibangelwa izakhono ezisandul 'ukufumana ukunceda ukubeletha umntwana onempilo ngaphandle kwentlungu kunye noyiko. Indlela yokwazi, mhlawumbi, le ndlela kwithuba elizayo iya kuba yinto efanelekileyo yokufumana i-anesthesia ye-epidural. Ixesha liya kuxela.