Isifo esinjalo njenge-amblyopia sibonakala kukuba elinye iliso kwinqanaba elithile (okanye ngokubanzi) alibandakanyekanga kwinkqubo yokubona okubonakalayo. Ngethuba elifanayo, ukuphuhliswa kweenxalenye zesimiso se-nervous ejongene nombono kuphuculwa okanye asikho nhlobo. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia kubantwana kunzima, kwaye kwezinye iimeko aziphumelelanga konke, ngokukodwa emva kweminyaka eyisixhenxe, xa kwakhiwa phantse iso.
Unyango lwe-amblyopia
Okokuqala, kufuneka ikhunjulwe ukuba le sifo ayidluli ngeminyaka yobudala, ayiziphilisa, kwaye ngoko nayiphi na imeko ifuna unyango. Okokuqala, umntwana kufuneka ahlolwe, emva koko i-ophthalmologist yenza isicwangciso sonyango. Isigaba sokuqala sonyango ukuchonga isizathu, esiye sagqugquzela ukuphuhliswa kwe-amblyopia. Ukuqhubela phambili kule nto, misela le nto okanye ukuba unyango.
Ukulungiswa kokusebenza
Ukuba isifo sibangele ukuphazamiseka kwi-optics yelihlo, isigulane siboniswa iilensi zamagqabi okanye iilazi. Ngomntwana, ukhetho lweglasi lunamanye amanqaku kwaye luyenzeka kwizigaba eziliqela. Ukulungiswa kwesiphene esibukekayo kufuneka kube ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka. Ukuba udala umfanekiso ocacileyo kwi-retina (ngoncedo lwamalensi okanye iiglasi), oku kuza kuba ngumphumo wokuphuhlisa umbono. Abazali bafanele baqonde ukuba ukugqoka iiglasi kufuneka kube rhoqo, kunye nokubonakala okubonakalayo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintathu. Abantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi konyaka abanakwenzeka ukuba bagqoke iilazi, ngoko ke iilensi zoqhagamshelwano zisetyenziswe kule ngxaki. Ingakumbi ixhatshazwa ngamatyala xa umntwana enesifo somntwana esiswini. Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka rhoqo ukwandisa umbono kuphela ngoncedo lweglasi. Ngamanye amaxesha i-pleoptics iyadingeka - unyango olukhethekileyo, oluqhutywa emva kweeveki ezi-2-4 emva kokuqala kokulungiswa kwezinto.
Unyango o
Unjalo unyango luyimfuneko, umzekelo, kunye ne-cataract congenital, kwaye xa kuyimfuneko, isetyenziselwa i-nystagmus, i-strabismus, i-corneal opacity. Ukuba i-cataract epheleleyo yonyango ifunyenwe, ukusebenza kusetyenziswa kwiinyanga zokuqala zokuphila. Nangona kunjalo, ukungenelelo okupakanyiswayo akulona unyango lwe-amblyopia, kodwa kuphela kwinqanaba lokulungiselela unyango.
Pleoptic unyango
Emva kokwenza ukulungiswa kwe-optical okanye emva kokuhlinzwa, baqhubela ngqo kunyango ye-amblyopia.
Izindlela zonyango lwe-pleoptotic
Ukuqeshwa. Ingundoqo yendlela ekukhutsheni iso elisempilweni kwinkqubo yombono, eyenza ukuba iliso "livila" lisebenze. Ukwenza oku, iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamagqabi asetyenziswayo: i-rubber kwi-sucker, iplastiki okanye eyenziwe ngokwayo, eyenziwe ngengubo ye-opaque okanye iphepha elinzima. Indlela yokugqoka i-occludor igqitywe yingcali. Ukugqoka rhoqo i-occludor kuyimfuneko kuphela kubantwana abane-strabismus. Nge-amblyopia, njengommiselo, ukugqoka i-occluder ifuna kuphela iiyure ezimbalwa ngosuku. Ubungakanani bekhosi yezokwelapha ukusuka kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwiminyaka emibini.
Ukugqitywa kwemali. Ukuze "uphendule" isohlo elisempilweni, awukwazi ukusebenzisa kuphela i-occludor, kodwa kunye namaconsi akhethekileyo aphucula umfundi. Le ndlela isetyenziswe, njengommiselo, kulawo matyala xa umntwana esincinci kwaye engagcinanga indlela yokugqoka i-Occludor.
Ukukhuthazwa kwe-retina (i-electro-, laser-, photo-, ukuvuselela kwamandla); ukuvalelwa ngevidiyo ngeendlela zeekhompyutheni zonyango (umzekelo, "iTire", "i-Crosses", njl); ukuqeqeshwa kwe-optical ekhaya ("uphawu kwiglasi"); ukuphulukiswa kwezilwanyana ezibonakalayo ekhaya (ukulungiswa, ukudlala ngeenkcukacha ezincinci).
Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwenyango, ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhamba ngexesha: unyango kufuneka luqale ngaphambi kokuba ingqondo ifunde ukuphazamisa iso lokugula ngonaphakade.
Ilanga elinesilumko "iliso" kufuneka lithathe iikholeji ezintathu ukuya kwezine zezikhalazo ngamnye ngonyaka. Ukuba unyango olungenakulinganiswa, okanye umntwana akanxibe i-occluder, ubunzima obubonakalayo obufezekileyo ngexesha lotyando lunokuncipha. Ngaphezu koko, i-amblyopia ingabuya. Yingakho kubalulekile ukulandela iziphakamiso ezimiselweyo kwaye rhoqo ufike kwi-ophthalmologist ukulungiselela uviwo. Ukubonwa kwemibandela yomntwana nge-amblyopia kuqhutywe de kube yinto ephilileyo.