Ukuba abazali bayamthanda umntwana wabo, ngoko ke, bayayithatha ngokungqongqo imicimbi yemfundo. Ukususela esemntwaneni, abazali bafunda iincwadi kubantwana, kuba baqonda ukuba ukufunda akukona nje kuphela ubuchule kunye nokuqonda, kodwa kwanomsebenzi wemfundo. Nangona kunjalo, akuzona zonke iincwadi ezifanele zifundwe kubantwana, nokuba ngaba zithathwa njengabantwana. Xa ukhetha kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ubudala bomntwana, iimpawu zeengqondo kunye neemfuno zentsana.
Okwangoku, kukho iindidi ezininzi zeencwadi zezingane kwieshelufu, kunye nendlela yokukhetha incwadi efanelekileyo nefanelekileyo? Kubalulekile ukuba ungayithobeli umnqweno wokuqala uze ungakhethi incwadi kwikhava elikhanyayo kunye nemifanekiso emihle. Kufuneka ukhunjulwe ukuba into ephambili encwadini ngumxholo. Xa ukhetha incwadi, kungcono ukwazi ngokukhawuleza okokufunda kumntwana ezintandathu.
Le ncwadi ngumfundisi wemiphefumlo yabantu. Ukuba umntwana unomdla kakhulu kule ncwadi, ngoko umsebenzi wabazali ukuchaza ngqo kulezo ncwadi ezithwala kuzo zonke izinto ezilungileyo kunye ezilungileyo. Akunakwenzeka ukubuyisela incwadi ngento ethile: iyakwazi ukuphuhlisa ingcamango, imemori, inqwenela, ingqwalasela, ukucinga ngokucwangcisa. Kuseminyakeni emithandathu yokuba kubalulekile ukuba umntwana afundise incwadi, ngoko kulungile ukwazi imfuno yomntwana, ngokukhethekileyo kwiminyaka yakhe nobuntu bakhe. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iincwadi ezifanele zifundwe kwiminyaka engama-6 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, iincwadi azikwazi ukumiselwa naluphi na uhlobo.
Ukuqwalasela kwiincwadi zentengiso kubantwana abaneminyaka emithandathu, musa ukukholelwa ngamagama aphakamileyo, njengamazwi amnandi. Iincwadi ezininzi kakhulu, akufanele zithengiwe, kuba ukugcina loo ncwadi kumntwana akusiyo yonke into efanelekileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuyifunda. Ukuba ukhetho luwela kwiqoqo, ke akufanelekanga ukufunda kuphela itafile yezinto eziqulethwe, kodwa nakwezinye iinqununu zomsebenzi. Oku kufanele kwenziwe ngenxa yokuba kwiincwadi ezinjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iziphoso zomlomo, iicatshulwa azifundwa ngokungafundwayo, kwaye umsebenzi wombingeleli ubhalwe ngokungahambisani ngokupheleleyo, kunye nezifomfa. Ngomntwana oneminyaka engama-6 ubudala ukucinga ngokukhonkco, kwaye ngoko ke kubalulekile kubo ukucacisa ngokucacileyo imiqondo, umzekelo, okulungileyo nokubi. Ngako oko umgca wesicatshulwa somsebenzi akufanele kubangele ubunzima ekuqondeni, akufanele kudideke. AmaHlathi kufuneka ahlukaniswe ngokucacileyo abe ngongendawo kwaye ahle. Eyokuqala, phakathi kwazo zonke iintlobo zeencwadi, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, kukho iindaba ezifihlakeleyo. Kwimiba yeendoda ngoku idibene kunye nombhali. Kwiintsuku ezithandathu ubudala abantwana bangakwazi ukuqonda ngokuhlekisayo, kwaye ngoko unokumisela umntwana kumsebenzi we-Uspensky, njengoko imisebenzi yakhe idibanisa ibali lekhaya, inzululwazi kunye ne-satire. Ngokuqinisekileyo, imisebenzi ehlekisayo kaN. Nosov iya kuba yinto efanelekileyo yokufunda.
Kule minyaka, abantwana bafunda kuphela izakhono zokufunda, kwaye ngoko incwadi kufuneka ibe nentshisekelo: kuhle ukuba ifonti kwiincwadi zikhulu, kwaye imifanekiso iya kuba nemibala. Nangona kunjalo, icebo akufanele lilibaleke - kufuneka lithandeke, kwaye umntwana uya kufuna ukugqiba ukufunda incwadi ukuphela.
Ewe, ukuba amagama ekubhaliweyo ayagxininiswa, amagama aya kuhlulwa kwiibllabha. Kule minyaka, le ncwadi ayifanele idibaniswe nokufunda, kufuneka ivelise uvuyo kuphela. Ifowuni encwadini kufuneka ibe mkhulu, ngaphandle koko kunokuba neengxaki ngekhono lokufunda eliya kugxotha umnqweno wokufunda. Xa ukhetha incwadi, kufuneka uqaphele kwinani leengxoxo: ngakumbi, bhetele. Iincwadi ezinjalo azivumeli kuphela ukufunda kubantwana ngeendima, kodwa nokulungelelanisa imidwebo yemidlalo.
Ukukhethwa kwencwadi yokufunda kwilayibrari yasekhaya kukushiyelwe kumntwana: makumxelele nayiphi na incwadi afuna ukuyifunda namhlanje. Ngaloo ndlela, inkqubo iya kukhululeka ngakumbi, kwaye abazali baya kukwazi ukuqonda iimfuno zabo zomntwana.
Ukhuthazwe uncwadi lwabantwana abaneminyaka engama-6 ubudala:
- Iingoma zabantu baseRashiya;
- Iimbali zombhali: imisebenzi ka-Aksakov (umzekelo, "I-Scarlet Flower"), iPushkin, iBazhova ("i-Silver Hoof"), A.N. UTolstoy ("iAventures of Pinocchio"), i-Nosov ("iAventures of Dunno");
- isebenza malunga nendalo: A. Nekrasov, iMamin-Sibiryak ("Intamo emnyama");
- imibongo ngababhali abanjalo njengo-V. Zhukovsky, S. Marshak, B. Zakhoder, A. Barto, K. Chukovsky;
- imisebenzi yabalobi bezinye izizwe: uMark Twain, Y. Olesha, R. Tolkien ("I-Hobbit okanye ikhona nangemva").