Xa usana luzalwa, abazali belibala ixesha elide malunga nokuthula nokulala okuvakalayo. Kwaye yonke into yokuba isidalwa esincinci sisoloko sisoloko sifuna ukunakwa. Kwaye, ngokungafani nabantu abadala, iintsana zivame ukuphulwa kweeorhythms, ngoko abanako ukulala ixesha elide.
Ukuphazamiseka nomntwana kusoloko kubangela ukuba abazali bacinezeleke. Kodwa ngaba ufanelekile xa ukhathazeka ngale nto? Masizame ukujongana nawe kunye. Okokuqala, kufuneka uqonde ukuba yeyiphi imimiselo yobomi bokulala kwabantwana bamaxesha ahlukeneyo:
- umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa - iiyure ezingama-16 zokulala ngosuku;
- umntwana oneminyaka engama-50 ubudala ukulala ngosuku;
- umntwana oneminyaka elilodwa - iibhola ezingama-13.5 zokulala ngosuku;
- umntwana oneminyaka emibini ubudala - iiyure ezingama-13 zokulala ngosuku;
- umntwana eneminyaka eli-11 ukuya kweeyure zokulala ngosuku;
- umntwana oneminyaka eyi-6 - 9.5 iiyure zokulala ngosuku;
- umntwana oneminyaka elilishumi elinambini - 8.5 iiyure zokulala ngosuku.
Oogqirha baqaphele ukuba malunga ne-20% yabo bonke abantwana banenkinga yokulala. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuphulwa okunjalo kubonisa iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu, kunye neengqondo zomntwana. Ngoko ke, ukuba umntwana wakho unenkathazo enzulu yokulala, kufuneka ufunde ugqirha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana akafumani okwaneleyo kwiyure okanye ezimbini, akukho nto inokukhathazeka ngayo.
Izizathu zokulala ngokuqhelekileyo kubantwana
Abazali abaninzi banokuzibuza ngokukhawuleza - kutheni iimvumba zineengxaki ngepine? Kukho izizathu ezininzi zezi zinto:
- I-Genetic predisposition. Ukuba ngaba abazali baqhekeza okanye abanye abantu abanesifo se-neurotic baneengxaki zokulala, oko kuya kuzuza ilifa. Kule meko, akukhona malunga nokulala kwe-age-parent-parental-related relationship, kodwa ukukhathazeka okukhulu kokulala.
- Imithwalo yomzwelo. Wonke umzali kufuneka aqonde ukuba umntwana unengqondo. Ngoko ke, nokuba yinto engabalulekanga kakhulu ekugqibeleni kokuqala, uxinzelelo lunokuba luncedo kwi-psyche yengane. Akunjalo nje kuphela, kodwa nemvakalelo enokuthi inokuchaphazela. Ngokomzekelo, ukuvela kwelungu elitsha lentsapho, ukuya kwisikolo se-sadikili, ukuya endaweni entsha yokuhlala kunye nezinto ezinjalo-konke oku kunokuphazamisa ukuphazamiseka kokulala.
- Izifo zeSomatic. Ngamanye amaxesha imbangela yokuphulwa kokulala ngokusemthethweni kumntwana izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo zangaphakathi. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukulala ngokonakala kunjalo. Ngoko ke, kwiimpawu zokuqala eziphazamisayo, abazali kufuneka bathathe ngokukhawuleza bathathe umntwana kumgqirha ukuze baviwo.
- Iintlupheko zesistim se-nervous central. Ukulala ngokugcwele kuxhomekeke ngokukodwa ekusebenzeni ngokupheleleyo kwenkqubo yesantya. Ngako oko, ukuba i-dyslexia ineengxaki kwinkqubo yesantya ephakathi, kungekudala okanye kamva kwaye kuya kuba neengxaki zokulala.
- Utshintsho kwishedyuli yamandla. Indima ebalulekileyo idlalwe yishedyuli yokutya yomntwana. Ngokomzekelo, iingxaki zokulala zingenzeka ukuba umntwana sele ephuculwa ebomini okanye ukuba i-crumb ixilwe kwibele. Ngako oko, abazali kufuneka baqaphelisise isondlo somntwana wabo.
- Ukungahambi kakuhle. Akukho mntwana ongakwazi ukulala xa ebona ukukhathazeka ngokomzimba, umzekelo, intliziyo ye-intestinal, amazinyo okusika kunye nokunye okunjalo. Ukongeza, amaqhekeza angaphazamiseka ngamacwecwe kwiphepha, i-diaper emanzi, iqondo lokushisa eliphantsi okanye eliphakamileyo kwigumbi kunye nokunye okunjalo. Ngoko ke, ukuba abazali baqaphela ukuphulwa kwi-biorhythms yomntwana, bafanele bahlole ngokukhawuleza ukuba akukho nto iphazamisa imvumba.
Iintlobo zokuphazamiseka kokulala
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeengxaki zokulala. Siza kujolisa kuphela kubaluleke kakhulu:
- Wince. Ukuba i-crumb ngexesha lokulala isoloko ihluthwa, landela ukuthunyelwa kwi-neurologist. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu ezinjalo zibonakala zifumana isifo esiyingozi - ukuhluthwa. Ugqirha unokuyibeka ngaphandle. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuhlanjululwa kweengxaki kubandezeleka kwiintsana eziye zavela kunye nezifo ezahlukeneyo.
- Bruxism. Phantse i-20% yabantwana bayagaya amazinyo ngexesha lokulala. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwenzeka rhoqo kubantwana abaneminyaka engama-12-13. Ekuqalekeni, ukubonakala kungabonakala kungenakulungile, kodwa inyaniso ayikho. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokugqithiseleyo, umntwana ufumana ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo, ukuphefumla, kunye nokwanda kwexinzelelo lwegazi. Ukongezelela, ngexesha lokugaya i-enamel yezinyo ihlupheka - icinywa. Ngoko ke, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nodokotela wamazinyo kunye neurologist.
- Iingqungquthela. Sonke maxa wambi sinokuhlwa. Kodwa ukuba umntwana uhlala ecelwa ukuba avele kubo ebusuku, abazali kufuneka baxelelwe. Emva koko, iibhulozi zingabonisa ubungqina obukhulu malunga nenkqubo yesantya. Ngethuba lokulala, inkunzi ivakalelwa ngentswelo yokwesaba nokukhathazeka okukhulu. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zafumanisa ukuba le nto ibangela ukuba kubakho abantwana abanomzwelo. Njengomthetho, ngaba ngabafana abaneminyaka emibili ukuya kwimithandathu. Nangona iindlobongela ziphela ngokupheleleyo nakweyiphi na ubudala, kwanesana esandula. Ingozi yokulala ebusuku kukuba kunzima kakhulu ukuwaphilisa. Kwaye zinefuthe elibi kakhulu kwisimo sengqondo somntwana. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abazali bafanele bamkele kwaye balindele ukuba umntwana angene. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwenzekayo kwiminyaka elishumi elinesibini.
- Ukulala kuhamba ephupheni. Lo mcimbi usenokufunda. Kodwa kuboniswa ukuba abantwana abaphilileyo abahluphekanga ngokulala. Ngokuqhelekileyo esi siqhelo sisenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo: i-bedwetting, i-stpile, isithandwa senkqubo yesiseko senzwa, izifo zenkqubo ye-genitourinary kunye njalo njalo. Ngoko ke, ukuba uqaphela ukuba umntwana wakho uhamba ephupheni, qhagamshelana ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka ngoncedo logqirha. Kubalulekile ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukwazi ukufumanisa eso sifo kwaye uyiphilise.
- Ingxoxo kwiphupha. Ephupheni, phantse bonke abantwana bathetha. Kodwa umlinganiselo wokubaluleka kwelo mthetho kuleso sizathu unokuba yingxaki enkulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le nto ayifuni ukuphathwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kunikezelwa ngenye uhlobo lwesifo, kuyafaneleka ukumbona ugqirha.
Kukho imeko xa ukutyelela ugqirha awukwazi ukuhlehliswa naluphi na umzekelo, kuba kunokukho iingxaki ezahlukeneyo. Iimeko ezinjalo ziquka:
- ukuphazamiseka ebuthongweni babantwana abaselula kakhulu abengakabi nonyaka omnye;
- nayiphi na ingxaki yokulala ezidlulileyo ngaphezu kweeveki ezintathu;
- naluphi na ukuphazamiseka kokulala okuhambelana nezinguqu ezinzulu kwiindlela zokuziphatha kunye nomoya womntwana;
- ukuphefumula ngokuphefumula ngexesha lokulala;
Iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo zokuphazamiseka kokulala
Ukuba kukho iingxaki ezinzulu ekuphuleleni ukulala komntwana, ugqirha uya kunika unyango. Nangona kunjalo, ukongeza kwonyango, kuyimfuneko ukuhambelana neminye imithetho.
- Qaphela indlela yokulala yomntwana. Ingane kufuneka ilale ngexesha elifanayo.
- Jonga oko umntwana akwenza ngaphambi kokulala. Ungamvumeli ukuba abukele ubusuku beTV, qaphela ukuba akadlali imidlalo yemidlalo. Kukulungele ukufunda ngaye ngaphambi kokulala ibhuku.
- Gcina iso lokushisa lomoya kwigumbi lokulala. Iqondo lokushisa elifanelekileyo kakhulu li-degrees ezingama-22. Kulo humidity kufuneka libe ngama-70%, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuthenge i-humidifier ekhethekileyo.
- Ilinen yelinen yomntwana kufuneka ihlambuluke, ingabi namabhantshi kunye namaqabunga. Kungcono ukuba intle yendalo. Kuyafana nakwiipasjama.
- Landela indlela yobomi bentsana. Umntwana kufuneka ahambe kwisitrato ubuncinane iiyure ezimbini ngosuku. Umzobo ongeyomzimba awuyi kumenza okuhle. Ngoko ke, zama ukwenza oko umntwana achithe ixesha elincinane kunokwenzeka emva kweTV, ikhomputha kunye njalo njalo.
- Ukuba umntwana usweleka, uze uzame ukulala naye. Njengomthetho, ingxaki iphela ngokukhawuleza. Nangona ezininzi iingcali azicebisi ukulala ebhedini lomzali.