Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukudlala ezemidlalo kubafundi besikolo, kufuneka uvakashele umntwana wengingqi. Ngokukodwa xa sele esengumntwana. Umbuzo uvela: yintoni intliziyo yomntwana enokuyenza ibe yimidlalo? Kwaye, okubaluleke ngakumbi, akufanele kube njani? Le mibuzo iya kuphendulwa kuphela ngutitshala. Ugqirha uya kuphulaphula intliziyo yomntwana, ayithumele kwi-electrocardiogram (ECG), kwaye, xa kuyimfuneko, misela ezinye iintlobo zeemviwo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba akuyiyo yonke into eyalelwa emdlalweni omkhulu. Imidlalo kunye nemisebenzi eqhelekileyo yomzimba iyaphikiswa kubantwana abanezifo ezingapheliyo, njenge-asthma, isisu esiswini, izifo zengqondo, izilwanyana. Yaye kunye nezifo zesimo senhliziyo, kuquka izifo zentliziyo yesifo, nokuba nemithwalo encinci ingakhokelela kwimiphumo engenakucinganiswa. Umsebenzi omhle womzimba uyaphikiswa phambi kwe-foci yentsholongwane engapheliyo emntwaneni, njenge-tonsillitis engapheliyo, i-sinusitis, i-caries multiple. Nangemva kokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yentsholongwane, abantwana abanakukwazi ukusebenzisa iiveki ezimbini ukuya kweyesithathu, ukunikela imigangatho, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimirhumo yelizwe.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ekuboneni i-electrocardiogram, ugqirha uxelela abazali abaneminyaka esikolweni ukuba umntwana wabo akayi kuba ngumdlali okanye ukuba imidlalo yezobugcisa inqatshelwe kuye. Kutheni? Ewe kuba i-ECG yabantwana inempawu ezithile. Esi sisifo se-ventricular repolarization, i-electrocardiographic ventricular pre-excitation syndromes (i-WPW syndrome, i-ventricular pre-excitation syndrome, i-PQ yexesha elifutshane le-circuit-circuit circuit). Zonke ezi zi-syndromes zivame ukulukhuni zi-arrhythmias, kwaye isifo esizalwe ngumda wexesha elide le-QT sinokubangela ukufa ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko ke, abantwana abaneempawu ezinjalo zichasene kwiiklasi zezemidlalo kunye nokugqithisa ngokomzimba. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukutyelela iklinikhi kwaye uqinisekise ukuba umntwana wakho akanaloo ngxaki.
Ukuba umntwana uya kubandakanyeka kakhulu kwimidlalo, kuyinqweneleka ukuba angabi yi-ECG kuphela, kodwa kunye ne-echocardiography, okanye i-ultrasound yentliziyo. Emva koko, kuphela i-ultrasound ingabonisa ukuphuma kweentsimbi zentliziyo (ngokukodwa, i-mitral valve prolapse, okanye i-PMC), i-window ye-oval window (FOO), ezongezelelweyo (zobuxoki) kwiintliziyo, njl njl. Ezi zinto ezibizwa ngokuba yizinto ezincinci zokuphuhliswa kwentliziyo nazo zichasene nemidlalo enkulu.
Iyintoni "intliziyo yezemidlalo"?
Isebe le-cardiology lifumana rhoqo abantwana beminyaka yobudala abaye badlala imidlalo kwiminyaka emininzi, apho imidlalo iyingxenye yobomi babo. Ndimele ndithi intliziyo yomgijimi ihlukile kwintliziyo yomntu ongenakhathazeka ngokuqhubekayo nomsebenzi omzimba. Sekudlulileyo kwiinyanga zokuqala zoqeqesho, i-heart muscle ihambelana nomthwalo, ebonakalayo, ngokukodwa, nge-bradycardia ephakathi (ukunciphisa isigqi sentliziyo). Ngexesha elifanayo, umntwana akave ekhululekile, akalikhalazi nantoni na. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yintliziyo yemidlalo. Umntwana osusela kwiminyaka eyi-11 ukuya kwe-15 akakwazi ukukhawuleza ukuvumelanisa nomthwalo, intliziyo yesantsha kwimidlalo ayifanelekanga. Ngokumane "ayiqhubeki ukuhamba" ngezinga lokukhula kunye nophuhliso lwayo.
Ingqalelo: i-myocardial dystrophy
Ngenxa yokulawulwa kwezonyango ezinganeleyo kwirejimenti yoqeqesho lomdlali kunye nemithwalo enyukayo, loo nto kuthiwa yimihlaba yomda ihlala ikhula, emva koko iya kungena entliziyweni yezemidlalo. Njengomphumo wemithwalo engqongqo ekusebenziseni kwezemidlalo ngabafundi besikolo, kukho ukugqithiswa kwelungu, elikhokelela ekudleni komzimba. Apha, abantwana baqala ukukhalaza intlungu entliziyweni, intloko, isisu, ukungapheli kwamathuba, ukukhathala ngokukhawuleza. Izinguqu kwi-ECG zityhilwa, ukwandiswa kwesigxina se-ventricular sekhohlo kunokufunyanwa kwi-ultrasound of heart, ukwehla kwintsebenziswano. Esinye sezibonakaliso ezingenakulungeleka kumqhubi omncinane, umzekelo, iminyaka eyi-11 ubukho be-tachycardia (i-pulse ngokukhawuleza).
Uninzi lwabafundi abaneminyaka esikolweni namhlanje, ngelishwa, ayinakufuduka kakhulu, uchithe ixesha elide emva kwezifundo, kwikompyutha okanye kwi-TV. Ngamanye amaxesha abakwazi "ukukhangela" ngokukhawuleza kwisitalato, umoya omtsha. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuguqulwa ngokukhawuleza kwindlela yokuqeqesha ukuya ekuqeqesheni okunamandla kuncedisa ekuphuhliseni i-dystrophy ye-myocardial, okanye i-dystrophy ye-myocardial. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokupheliswa ngokukhawuleza kwemisebenzi yezemidlalo, utshintsho oluthile lungabonakala. Ngenxa yoko, ezi zihlandlo zifanele zilawulwe ngudokotela wezemidlalo.
Namhlanje, abanye bafana bahlala bexhamla kwiiklasi, apho, ukuxelisa izithixo, baqala "ukuthwala isinyithi" ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulawula kwinqanaba lomqeqeshi. Awukwazi ukuvumela oku! Ngethuba le-adolescence kuphela, umzimba upheleleke kakhulu-inkqubo ye-musculoskeletal, izitho zangaphakathi, kuquka inkqubo ye-cardiovascular ngokupheleleyo, ayihambisani nokukhula komntwana, ahlala engakhulileyo ngokwaneleyo, akafanekanga nakumntu omdala. Kwaye ngaphantsi kwefuthe lemisebenzi emikhulu emzimbeni kukho "ukuphazamiseka". Iingxaki ziqala ukuvela - umqolo onzima, intliziyo "ihlazo", utshintsho kwi-ECG luyabonakala. Xa ukuxilongwa kwe "myocardial dystrophy" intsha isithunyelwa esibhedlele.
Xa uqeqesho kufuneka lulibale
Xa uchonga iingxaki ezisuka entliziyweni, umdlali kufuneka asuswe ekuqeqesheni ngexesha loviwo kunye nonyango. Abantwana-abagijimi abaneemithwalo enzima kufuneka bagcine ngokugqithiseleyo umbuso wemihla, balele ubuncinane kwiiyure eziyi-8-9. Kubalulekile ukubeka iliso ekudleni - kufuneka kube neengqiqo, iikhalori eziphezulu, iiprotheyini eziphezulu, amaminerali, iivithamini. Ngokungafaniyo nokuchasene utshwala kunye ne-nicotine!
Ukongezelela, ukuba kunyanzelekile, ugqirha ubeka izidakamizwa ze-cardiotrophic ezokuphucula ukondla, iinkqubo zesisombululo kwisistim seentliziyo. Ezi zinokuba yi-riboxin, i-mildronate, i-ATP kunye ne-cocarboxylase, amalungiselelo e-multivitamin, amalungiselelo e-potassium, uAevit. Unyango ngexesha lemidlalo yezingane zesikolo kufuneka ludlule ubuncinane inyanga. Emva koko kuyacetyiswa ukunciphisa ulawulo loqeqesho olunye inyanga 2-3, ngelixa ugcina umsebenzi wokusa, uhamba. Ezemidlalo zinokuhlaziywa kuphela ukuba utshintsho oluchongiweyo luya kubonakala. Ukuba olu tshintsho luqhubeka kwiinyanga ezili-6, ngoko kuya kufuneka ulahle imisebenzi eminye yemidlalo. Zininzi ezinye izinto ezithandekayo. Kubalulekile ukuhlaziywa ngexesha, ukwenzela ukuba ukulahlwa kwemidlalo akuyi kuba yintlekele yomntwana wesikolo esikolweni enentliziyo yakhe kwimidlalo ayidalwanga.