Kutheni kwaye kutheni
Enye yezona zibalulekileyo iimfuno zabantu kukushiya uphawu. Kwisigaba sokuqala sophuhliso loluntu (kwaye izazinzulu ziye zafakazela ukuba ingqondo yengqondo yomntwana wokuqala kwiminyaka yokuphila ifana kakhulu kunye neengqondo zezobameli bezizwe zakudala), ukudweba kwakuyona nto ebaluleke kakhulu, ukuba ingengcwele, izenzo ezibonakalisa amandla abantu ukuba baqonde ihlabathi elijikelezayo kunye nokuhambisa amava abo angokomoya .
Mhlawumbi oku kukuvakala kunzima kwaye kunzima. Kodwa ngenxa yeemvuthu zakho, ukudweba ngokwenene kubaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo ebalulekileyo. Ukudweba kudala izixhobo ezibonakalayo, ezibonakalayo, izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi, imemori, ingcinga. Kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu, ukudweba ngenye yezindlela zokuqala kunye nezindlela ezikhoyo zokwenza umsebenzi odibeneyo wokuvelisa umama nosana, ummandla wokudibanisa ngokomzwelo. Iingxaki ezininzi zenkwenkwezi "eyingozi" ikhula ngokusasazwa kwangaphambili komama nomntwana. Ngoko ke, ukususela kumncinci, umntu kufuneka ahambelane nelokuba kuyimfuneko kwaye luncedo ukudweba umntwana kwaye luncedo ngaphantsi kwexesha elithile-ukufunda.
Ukuthatha iminyaka
Ngokomzimba, umntwana ulungele umsebenzi obonakalayo ukususela kwiinyanga eziyi-8-9. Kulo nyaka umntwana angaboniswa indlela yokushiya uphawu lwakhe. Ngulo mlandele, kuba iminyaka engama-2.5 umntwana unomdla ngakumbi kwinkqubo kunokuba kubangelwe "imizamo yokudala". Ekuqaleni umntwana akanakuwuqwalasela iphepha kuwo onke, kuba umbala wombala uyamthanda kakhulu. Ngako oko, umzobo wokuqala wabantwana - izibhengezo ezinobungqingili, ukubhalwa, okanye, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, iiblothi ezifakwe kwizinto zonke kwihlabathi. Iyakucinywa ubisi, ijusi, i-puree, i-jam kunye nendawo yokungcola. Emva konyaka, "inqubo yomdwebo" yomntwana ishintshile, unokukwazi ukubamba ipencilisi, ipenki okanye ukuxubha, ukuhamba kufumana isigqi esithile, ukuhamba kwezinto zokuhamba ngombane kubonakala: umgca uhlala kwicala elinye okanye enye. Kodwa oneminyaka elilodwa ubudala akakwazi ukuxhuma imifanekiso ebonakalayo ngokudweba. Ngoko ke, akunakwenzeka ukuba amfundise ukumela izinto ezilula.
Emva konyaka nesiqingatha, i-karapuz iqalisa ukuqonda ngcono into akwenzayo. Ngeli thuba, bonke abantwana bathanda kakhulu. Zama ukuxhasa kwaye uqondise ngendlela elungileyo yakhe imisebenzi yokudala. Inkululeko yokudala ibaluleke kakhulu apha, kuba uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lobuntu bomntwana luxhomekeke kuyo.
Emva kweminyaka emibili, iincwadana zakho zincinci zivele ngaphakathi kwiphepha, oko kukuthi, uyaqonda ukuba kukho uhlobo lomda womfanekiso. Ngeli thuba, isandla siya emva kweso. Oku, kunjalo, kusekhona iKalyaki-malyaki, kodwa kumangalisa ukuba umntwana uzama ukuthetha oko akubhenkisayo: "Lo ngu ugogo wam, kwaye ndiyidla i-porridge." Uqala ukuqonda ukuba izinto, iziganeko kunye nezenzo zethu zidibanisene. Nangona kunjalo, unokudibanisa into ethile kwimidwebo yakho yokwakheka emva kweminyaka emithathu, xa iqela lokuqaphela liza. Wayefanekisela into, ukhunjulwe, kwaye yena ngokwakhe wafumanisa ukuba oku: nantsi ilanga, nantsi umatshini wokubhala. Kwaye imifanekiso yayo ifikeleleke kwaye iindawo.
Ubunjiniyela obungabonakaliyo
Xa umntwana onomdla obonakalayo ebeka iifatata ezihlambulukileyo etafileni, kunye nentsipho - kwibhokethi, ukuphendula kwakho kwezi zenzo kulula ukucinga. Kodwa kuye "le midlalo yengulube" - ukufumanisa: shiya uphawu lwakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kuphi na okanye yintoni. Ukuqondisa amandla akhe kwisiteshi sokudala, kufuneka ulungiselele ngokucophelela.
Yintoni ozoyivula? Abazali abaninzi abanakuqonda ukunyaniseka kwengane: kutheni enokubhenca zonke iindonga kunye nephepha lodonga, kwaye ungayibhendi kwi-albhamu? Xa uneminyaka yobudala ukuya kweyesibini, umntwana wakho akayiqondi ukuba imida ingakanani, imida yeqabunga. Yaye inxalenye yomfanekiso ayinakuzekeliseka etafileni. Kulo mbuzo "kutheni?" Uya kuthi: "I-bunny yam ibalekile, yafihla ehlathini!" Isizathu silula: kwakungekho iphepha elaneleyo. Kwaye kunjalo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uneminyaka emibini ubudala ukuba atshintshe isikhala apho adonselayo. Usebenza ngengqondo phakathi kwezinto ezibonakalisiweyo, kwaye kuye bafana nokuba baphila, "okwenene". Ngako oko, kunengqiqo ukunika iphepha elikhulu lokwenza abantwana bakho: makabe yiphepha le-Whatman, iphepha lodonga elidala - nayiphina indlela. Isikhundla akumele sibe mhlophe, iphepha elinemibala lingabangela "ukuphuhliswa kokudala".
'Sinokugculela' njani
Umzobo wabantwana unengqondo. Umzobo oqhelekileyo womntwana oneminyaka engaphantsi kweminyaka engama-3 uhlabalala, phakathi kwazo onokufumana iigzags kunye nemigca ejikeleziweyo. Emva kweminyaka emine nesiqingatha, abantwana baqala ukuzwakalisa ukubhalwa kwabo: nguTata oshiye emsebenzini, lo dancing dances. Yaye ungakhathazeki ukuba i-half-hour feela eyedlule i-"daddy", ngoku sele ibe "ikati". Ungazami ukufumanisa ukuba kutheni yonke into ishintshile. Udlala, udlala. Umxholo womfanekiso utshintshile, kuba ekucingeni sele idlala enye umdlalo. Ngako oko, ekuboneni kweli nqanaba, into ebalulekileyo kukuba unokuyilungisa umxholo weentlobo zakhe. Kwaye inqaku elihle leengcamango ngumdla weentsapho: "Ewe, ndixelele, uthini na?"
Musa ukuxelela umntwana. Gcina inkululeko yakhe yokudala. Ukuba kunzima ukuba uphendule ngokukhawuleza ukuba uyayikrasa, musa ukukhawuleza ukunyanzelisa itemplate yakhe: "Le yindlu." Unqumle amaphiko eengcamango zakhe. Kwenzeka ukuba umntwana ngokukhawuleza awele okanye apeze into ethile, eyayizikhukhumeza kangangokuba isigqi seyure. Kwaye umbuzo othi "kutheni?" Unika impendulo engqiqweni: "I-Bunny Hid" - okanye: "Indlu ivaliwe."
Iziganeko ezinomdla ezenzekayo ngombala. Ubona iblue blue, cela: "Kuyini le nto?" Kwaye ngokumangalisa, uva impendulo: "Strawberry". Uqala ukukhathazeka. Uyazi njani ukuba konke kulungile? Eyintloko: unikeza umfanekiso weerberberries. Ubuza: "Yintoni na le nto?" Uthi: "Berry, strawberry." Umbala ololo hlobo luvela ngenxa yezinto ezikhethileyo zeembono zobugcisa beemvumba zakho. Mhlawumbi umbala oluhlaza ngumbala owuthandayo, ngoko kubonakala ngathi "kuhle kakhulu". Okanye wavunyelwa ukudweba okokuqala, umzekelo, kuphela ngepeni, akaqapheli nje imibala ngaphandle kobhakabhaka, akwazi ukuwasebenzisa. Kancinci uhlakulele umbala wengqondo yomntwana. Unobtrusively umchazele ukuba ezinye izinto zinemibala yazo. Kodwa ngelo xesha, gweba iipatheni: amaqabunga awanakuluhlaza nje kuphela, kodwa okwesibhakabhaka, isibhakabhaka - kungekhona kuphela eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa luhlaza xa imvula. Ngokomgaqo, umntwana ophuhliso oluqhelekileyo uyaqonda ukuba ilanga liluphuzi, kodwa ukuba ngokukhawuleza luya kuba ngumbala ohlukileyo, uya kunika impendulo enengqiqo: upende luphelile, ipencilisi iphukile, njl njl.
Ngokuphathelele ukuxilongwa kwengqondo yengqondo yomntwana ngokwemibala, oogqirha beengqondo beza kugqiba ekubeni ukufikelela kwiminyaka emithathu akuyimfuneko ukuzama ukuhlaziya ihlabathi langaphakathi lomntwana ngokudweba. Kunzima ukutsho ukuba kutheni wakhetha ipensele emnyama: ngenxa yokuba wawela ezandleni kuqala okanye ngenxa yokuba wayenemimoya embi. Kwixesha elizayo, unokuvavanya amaninzi, ngokusekelwe ekuboniseni abantwana-inkululeko yobuchule babo, ukuphuhliswa kobuntu babo. Into eyona nto kukufikelela kumbandela osebenzayo kwaye ungenzi izigqibo ezikhawulezayo. Naluphi na ukubonakaliswa kwengcamango kwimidwebo ilungileyo. Musa ukubheka i-pathology apho ingachunci.
Abadala kwimidwebo yabantwana
Ewe, abantwana banomdla. Kodwa kunzima ukuba bachaze oko bakhathalelayo, ngoncedo lwazo zakhono ezincinci zokuba nazo. Iintsana zinobugxeke obuphakathi, ziyakrazula umfanekiso ukuba "ayizange isebenze." Abadala badlala indima enkulu kwinkqubo yokudala, ukuqondisa, ukucacisa nokukhuthaza, okanye, ngokukhawuleza, ukuvala ngonaphakade iingcango zabo okanye ukuvakalisa iingcango kwihlabathi lobugcisa.
ISIGABA # 1: Musa ukugxeka umdwebo womntwana ngqo. Ungabonakali iimfuno ezingabonakaliyo: sebenzisa iiyure ngokucophelela uhlezi kwindawo, udwebe ngokuchanekileyo, ungangcoli, ungenzi umsindo, uqondisise iinkcazo zakho kwigama lesigama. Ukugxeka kwakho kuya kumdambisa ngonaphakade ukudala into.
UMTHETHO №2: Akunakwenzeka ukuba umntwana afunde ukudweba kakuhle xa ungenzi naye. Abantwana bahlala becela into yokudweba. Bafuna ukubukela izinto ezibonakalayo zivela phantsi kwezandla zomntu omdala. Mbandakanye naye ekudaleni ngokubambisana. Unokubuza: "Ufuna ntoni ukuba ndidwebe?" - "Vase". Udweba i-vase, uze ucele umntwana ukuba atyende iintyatyambo. Kuvela umfanekiso odibeneyo. Uqala ukuqonda ukuba ngoncedo lomfanekiso unokuhambisa yonke into.
UMTHETHO №3: Ungalokothi uhlanganyele emsebenzini wokudala nomntwana, ukuba awunayo imvakalelo. Abantwana banemvakalelo enemvakalelo: i-crumb ayiyi kuvala ukuba ingaba ivakalelwa intshiseko yakho.
UMTHETHO 4: Gweba izitampu. Ukuba kwi-kindergarten ukucela abantwana ukuba bawutye indlu, kuya kuba ngumgangatho kubo bonke: isikwere, kwaye phezulu - unxantathu. Namela umntwana ukuba izindlu zihluke, ngoko kufuneka uzenzele ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
UMTHETHO №5: Akunakwenzeka ukugcina yonke imidwebo yabantwana. Nangona kunjalo, ungalokothi uphuphe okanye uphonsa kwindawo engcolileyo xa umntwana ehlonipha umsebenzi wakhe.
Izindlela zokudweba
Kuwona omncinci, umzobo wokudweba ngoncedo lweeblothi uza kwenza. Ngokomzekelo, ukulahla kwepeyinti kwatshitshiswa kwiphepha, lihluthwe, kwaye livule kwaye lijonge oko kwenzeka. Emva koko bawela amaconsi amabini emibala eyahlukileyo-yaba yintoni umphumo? Ingane iyingumlingo: imibala iyaxutywa, kwaye into entsha isenzekile. Vumela umntwana ukuba adwebe ngezandla zakhe.
Inkqubo yokuthakazelisa kakhulu kunye neetampamp: ukuwafaka kwipeyinti, bonisa umntwana ukusuka kumanani ahlukeneyo ongenza umfanekiso - intyatyambo, umzekelo. Ukongezelela, qalisa umntwana kunye nemigqaliselo yesicelo kunye nokuyila: kwi-scribble, unamathisele intyatyambo, evezwe kwikhadi, ibhere, i-apula. Bonisa ukuba unamathele uboya bekotoni uze uyipende ngepeyinti, ngoko ikhephu.