Ingqondo yomntwana omncinci inekhono elimangalisayo lokukhumbula ixabiso elikhulu lolwazi. Phakathi konyaka wokuqala nowesithathu wobomi umntwana ufunda amagama angama-2500, okt 3-4 amagama amatsha ngosuku. Umntwana oneminyaka engama-3-5 unokufunda incwadi encinci: ukhumbula ngokukhawuleza okokufumaneka kwiphepha ngalinye. Kwizingane zasenkulisa, imemori ifikelele kwinani layo kwaye, ngokuzayo, abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba, kuhlazisa. Abazali kufuneka bazi malunga neempawu zeememori zabantwana kwaye basebenzise ngobuchule olu lwazi.
Into eyenzekayo kukuba kwiminyaka yokufundela abantwana ukukhumbula abantwana kubandakanyekanga kunye ngqo, oko kukuthi bayayikhumbula into engabandakanyekanga (ngokwayo) kwaye ngaphandle kokutolika okufanelekileyo.Xa uneminyaka eyi-7, lobu buchule buqala buthathaka, kodwa iinkqubo zokwenziwa kwekhanda lokuzikhumbuza kunye nolunenjongo luqala. Ziziphi ezikhawulezileyo njengoko zisetyenziswe rhoqo kwisenzo esikolweni kwaye zigqityiwe kuphela emva kweminyaka embalwa. Yingakho kungakhuthazwa ukuba uqale uqeqesho olulandelelana ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-6. Abantwana bokuqala esikolweni bekhumbula ulwazi oluthe ngqo kwimiyalelo yothisha unikwe kanzima. Izingane zikhawuleza zilibale ezifundiweyo, zidideke, zenzeke kwaye ziphazamiseke.
Ukuqhubela phambili kwinto yokuba isikolo sifuna izinga eliphezulu lokukhunjulwa ngokukodwa, abazali banokunceda umntwana ukuba akhulise imemori phambi kwesikolo.
Yintoni efunekayo kule nto?
Okokuqala, gcwalisa ngokugqithiseleyo i "voids" kwimemori yengane, usebenzisa ukukhunjulwa okungenakuzibandakanya, ngenxa yokuba le mithwalo yempahla iya kunceda umntwana ukuba akhumbule ezinye iinkcukacha kwixesha elizayo, edibanisa nedatha eyaziwayo.
Thetha kumntwana! Abantwana bafunda ngenani elikhulu inani lamagama xa befunda ukuthetha.
Ukuthetha nomntwana, mxelele amagama ezinto. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba abantwana bawakhumbula ngokukhawuleza amagama abo bajongeyo, kwaye akuyena lowo umzali ukhetha.
Kuya kunceda ukwandisa isigama nokufunda rhoqo iincwadi ngokuvakalayo, ngokukodwa kwixesha elikhethiweyo ngokukhethekileyo ("iindaba zobomi ebusuku"). Udibaniso olongezelelweyo luyaneliseka yimfuno yomntwana yokuxhasa kunye nokukhuselwa.
Ukuphulaphula iincwadi zomsindo kugalela ekuphuhlisweni kwememori engabonakaliyo. Abaphandi baqaphele ukuba uvelwano olusebenzayo kunye neqhawe ekuboneni imisebenzi yemibhalo luvumela umntwana ukuba aqonde kwaye akhumbule umxholo womsebenzi.
Kwiminyaka yobudala, kuyacetyiswa ukufundisa umntwana kwiilwimi zangaphandle, kuba Ngama-70% eqhelekileyo "ukucima" ngaphandle kokuqonda.
Okwesibini, kubalulekile ukuqala ukuphuhliswa kwememori engqinelanayo. Isazi sengqondo seRashiya uL.S. U-Vygotsky, owayefunda iingxaki zememori ebantwini, wagxininisa ukuba ukuze ancede afunde kwaye akhumbule ulwazi oluthile lomntwana omncinci, umntu ufuna kuphela ukucebisa izicwangciso (izicwangciso) angasisebenzisa.
Ukuphindaphinda ulwazi oluvakalayo licebo elilula nelona liqhelekileyo lokuba abantwana basebekhulile basebenzise impumelelo. Kubalulekile ukufundisa umntwana kungekhona nje ukuphindaphinda, kodwa ukuphindaphinda ukuphindaphinda (emva kwexesha elide). Hhayi nje kuphela, kodwa nakwam.
Isicwangciso esilandelayo kukukhumbula ngezinye izinto ngoncedo lwabanye (ukusebenzisa izinhlangano). Uhlobo luni "8", incwadi "G", njl njl Le ndlela ikhuthaza nokuphuhliswa komsebenzi wengqondo.
Ukwahlula okanye ukuqoqa iqela kuyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kodwa ingakumbi. Ifundisa abantwana ukuba baqhathanise izinto, ukwahlula kuzo ukufana kunye nokwahlukana, ukudibanisa ngesinye isiseko (ezidliwayo - ezingenakulinganiswa, izilwanyana - inambuzane, njl.). Kwaye ukucinga ngendlela yokukhumbula ulwazi.
Ukuba uqeqesho luya kwenzeka ngexesha lo mdlalo, usebenzisa imifanekiso ecacileyo, imifanekiso - ukufana kweenkcukacha kuya kuba ngcono.